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Description
Flashcards by Haroon Nadeem, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Haroon Nadeem
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The Atmosphere | The Atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%) that surrounds Earth. High above the planet, the atmosphere becomes thinner until it gradually reaches space. It is divided into five layers. Most of the weather and clouds are found in the first layer. |
| Sedimentry Rock | Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock groups (along with igneous and metamorphic rocks) and is formed in four main ways: by the deposition of the weathered remains of other rocks (known as 'clastic' sedimentary rocks) by the accumulation and the consolidation of sediments by the deposition of the results of biogenic activity and by precipitation from solution. |
| Metamorphic Rock | A metamorphic rock is a type of rock which has been changed by extreme heat and pressure. The original rock gets heated (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressured (1500 bars). This causes profound physical and chemical change. |
| Igneous Rock | Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below Earth's surface, and the slow cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form. Examples of intrusive igneous rocks are diorite, gabbro, granite, pegmatite, and peridotite. Extrusive igneous rocks erupt onto the surface, where they cool quickly to form small crystals. |
| Weathering | Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters and biological organisms. |
| Sediment | Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of water or other liquid. |
| Humus | Humus is the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil micro organisms. |
| Minerals | Minerals are solid, naturally occurring inorganic substance. |
| Renewable-resources | A Renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly because it is replaced naturally. Examples are: oxygen, fresh water, solar energy, timber, and biomass. Renewable resources may include goods or commodities such as wood, paper and leather, because their sources are renewable. |
| Non-Renewable resources | A nonrenewable resource is a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption. Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered non-renewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years. |
| Hydroelectricity | Hydropower is a renewable source of energy which uses the force or energy of moving water to generate power. This power, or 'hydroelectricity', is generated when falling water is channelled through water turbines. |
| Biomass | Biomass is organic matter derived from living, or recently living organisms. Biomass can be used as a source of energy and it most often refers to plants or plant-based materials that are not used for food or feed, and are specifically called lignocellulosic biomass. |
| Solar energy | Solar energy is energy which is created from sunlight, or heat from the sun. Solar power is captured when energy from the sun is converted into electricity or used to heat air, water, or other fluids. |
| Wind energy | Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity.Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, consumes no water, and uses little land. |
| Energy from the Ocean | Ocean Energy generating technologies for deriving electrical power from the ocean include tidal power, wave power, ocean thermal energy conversion, ocean currents, ocean winds and salinity gradients. Of these, the three most well-developed technologies are tidal power, wave power and ocean thermal energy conversion. |
| Geothermal energy | Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. |
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