7311546
Description
Flashcards by Lisza Neumeier, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lisza Neumeier
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| transitivity: Verbs can be | -intransitive -monotransitive -ditransitive -copulative -complex-transitive |
| valency: | links! I - like - him. (two links= divalent) if only one link= monovalent trivalent= three links ‘‘give’ has a valency of three in ‘I (1) gave it (2) to him (3)’’ |
| Complementation Patterns | |
| Adjunct Syntactic form/category? | They are mostly optional and moveable. Syntactic category/form: adverbs, NP, PP, clause How? She walked off /very slowly./ adverb phrase Where? She lost her bad /at the airport./ PP When? She’ll bring a book /next time./ NP Why? She didn’t come /because she was ill./ clause |
| minor types of complements: Obligatory adjunct subcategories? | They look like adjuncts but need to be there! name: locative & temporal Complements locative: eg. 28a. Alice is sleeping /on the sofa. / adjunct eg. 28b. Alice is on the sofa. -->locative Complement (without ,on the sofa’ sentence wouldn’t work out) temporal: Last December, it snowed a lot. Last december= temporal complement |
| minor types of complements: PP-Complement | Complements of prepositional verb eg. 30a. John approves of your decision. (prepositional verb eg. 30b. She blames all their problems on his incompetence. (phrasal verb) |
| Phrasal verbs | verbs which have a use where they require a particular kind of adverb as their complement Mostly short, monosyllabic words e.g. in, up, out, down May be transitive or intransitive Intransparent = ‘give up’ has nothing to do with giving → IDIOMS (meaning is not directly inferable from the meaning of its parts) Very soon she <finished off> the cake. They <called off> the meeting. They <finished off> the cake. |
| Non-finite clauses: Objects or complements? | More complements than objects.. but you can argue about it. eg. 32a. She remembered trying to box her own ears. 32b. My watch has stopped working. 32c. We decided to play football. |
| Catenative verb | tadding more and more complements and making verbs out of them (chaining verbs) eg. 33: Alice plans to try to stop getting me to keep helping her do her assignment. → Catenative verbs = verbs that have the capacity to ‘chain’ together, can be followed directly by a second verb (its own non-finite complement) → e.g. My watch has stopped working; I found him shoplifting. |
| Phrasal verb vs. Prepositional verb | |
| 3 subclasses of nouns | pronouns proper nouns (Paul, the Alps, ..) common nouns (table..) |
| subclass of common nouns | 1.) count or mass 2.) collecitive nouns |
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