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| Question | Answer |
| Crude birth rate | Number of live births per 1000 population per year |
| Natural increase | When the number of deaths is lower than the number of births |
| Natural decrease | When the number of births is lower than the number of deaths |
| Crude death rate | The number of deaths per 1000 population per year |
| Infant mortality rate | Number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year |
| Child mortality rate | Number of deaths of children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births per year |
| Fertility rate | The number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-49 per year |
| Life expectancy | Average number of years of life remaining at a given age |
| Replacement fertility rate | The fertility rate needed to achieve a demographic equilibrium (2.1 to 2.3) |
| Sex ratio | Number of women per 100 men |
| Population pyramid | A vertically arranged bar chart that shows the distribution of a population by age and gender |
| Population momentum | The tendency for population growth to continue beyond the time that the replacement level fertility has been achieved, because of a relatively high concentration of people in childbearing years |
| Population projection | The prediction of future populations based on the present demographic structure and with present rates of fertility, mortality and migration |
| Ageing ratio | Percentage of people under 20 compared to people over 65 |
| Dependency ratio | Percentage of dependents (age under 15 and above 65) over the economically active population (age 15-65) |
| Demographic Transition MOdel | Theoretical model created by Warren Thompson (1929) which represents the transition from 'high rates' to 'low rates' |
| Migration | The movement of people, involving a permanent change of residence |
| Remittances | Transfers of money/goods by foreign workers to their countries of origin |
| Carrying capacity | The largest population that the resources of a given environment can support |
| Demographic transition | The historical shift of birth and death rates from high to low levels in a population |
| Immigration | The migration of people into a country from one or a number of other countries |
| Emigration | The migration of people from a country to one or a number of countries |
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