Created by gina_evans0312
over 10 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Bacterial Walls- Structure | NAG-NAM chains linked by varying peptide chains |
Bacterial Walls- Peptide Chains | Bound to NAM, usually with two d-Alas at the end |
Bacterial Walls- Linking Peptide Chains (Enzyme) | Transpeptidases |
Bacterial Walls- Linking Peptide Chains (Sequence) | L-Lys of one chain links to the 2nd to last d-Ala of the other (terminal d-Ala is cleaved off) |
Role of B-Lactams | Prevent Transpeptidation |
Example | Penicillin |
Structure of B-Lactams | Almost identical to D-Alanine |
Effect of Beta-Lacatams | Bind irreversible to transpeptidases so they cannot function, weakening the cell wall, & cause autolysin production which destroys the cell wall |
Penicillin- Bacteria Effected | Gram +ve (no effect on Gram -ve) |
Penicillin- Pharmacokinetics (Method of transmission) | Cannot be given orally due to gastic acid |
Penicillin- Pharmacokinetics (Distribution) | In extracellular fluid |
Penicillin- Pharmacokinetics (Excretion) | Rapid renal tubular excretion |
Penicillin- Pharmacokinetics (Half-Life) | Short |
Penicillin- Drug Reactions (Theraputic Index) | Wide theraputic index |
Penicillin- Drug Reactions (Allergies) | Can be severe and unrelated to dose |
Advantage of Procaine Penicillin | Long Half Life |
Advantage of Penicillin V | Can be given orally |
Advantage of Amoxycillin | Gram -ve coverage |
Cephalosporins | Class of Beta Lactams |
Advantage of Cefuroxine | Gram -ve & +ve coverage |
Advantage of 3rd Generation Cephalosporins | Gram +ve & -ve coverage, but more effective than Cefuroxine |
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