Flashcards
Animal Cell Structure
Cards in this deck (9)
- 1Plasma MembraneComposed of a phospholipid bilayer, with proteins embedded in the layer.
Function: the membrane is selectively permeable and regulates the transport of materials into and out of the cell. Separates cell contents from the outside environment - 2CytoplasmCytoplasm is a thick, gelatinous, semi-transparent fluid.
Function: the cytoplasm maintains cell shape and stores chemicals needed by the cell for metabolic reactions.
- 3NucleusThe nucleus is the largest organelle and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. The envelope has nuclear pores which allow the movement of molecules through it. The nucleus contains chromatin.
Function: the nucleus controls/regulates cellular activity and houses genetic material called chromatin, DNA and proteins, from which comes the instruction for making proteins.
- 4NucleolusDense spherical structure in the middle of the nucleus.
Function: the nucleolus makes RNA and ribosomes.
- 5Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)Network of membrane bound flattened sacs called cisternae studded with ribosomes.
Function: protein synthesis takes place on the ribosomes and the newly synthesized proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus.
- 6Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)Network of membrane bound flattened sacs called cisternae. No ribosomes.
Function: Responsible for synthesis and transport of lipids and carbohydrates.
- 7Golgi ApparatusA stack of membrane bound flattened sacs.
Function: Newly made proteins are received here from the rough ER. the Golgi apparatus modifies them and then packages the proteins into vesicles to be transported where they are needed.
- 8VesiclesSmall spherical membrane bound sacs with fluid inside.
Function: Transport vesicles are used to transport materials inside the cell and secretory vesicles transport proteins that are to be released from the cell, to the cell surface membrane.
- 9LysosomesSmall spherical membrane bound sacs containing hydroly
