9757133
Description
Flashcards by Carl Simmonds, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Carl Simmonds
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| specific functional abilities of thoracic spine | ventilation - provides mobile point of attachment for ribs to facilitating respiration - allows mechanism for maximising inspiratory volume.. mobility of TS improves mobility of ribs, which improves ventilatory volume, allows for maximum change in intra-thoracic pressure |
| pedicles of t-spine segments are...? | ...long, allowing a larger vertebral canal... therefore stenosis is less likely in t-spine |
| TPs are...? | directed posteriorly, enhancing angle of rotation and efficiency of rotatores |
| facets are...? | nearly vertical, allowing some side bending but limit flexx & extxx |
| costo-vertebral function can be affected by three catagories of body motion, which are? | ventilatory motion upper and lower extremity motion trunk motion |
| ligamentous attachment and articular facet shape means different rib groups show different movements all enhancing respiratory function... what are these? | ribs 2 to 6: dominantly rotatory movement.. pump handle movement ribs 6 to 9: show sliding movements, outer surface of rib moves up and down.. bucket handle movement rib 1: limited ROM due to sternal relationship and ligamentous attachments range and type of movement can be influenced by respiratory stress (asthma/hyperventilation/copd) and age |
| diaphragm supports thoracic movements to...? | alter pressure within thoracic cavity and lungs to drive ventilation |
| peripheral muscular diaphragm converges on central tendon and is made up of which 3 parts? | sternal: attaches to back of xiphoid process costal: made of wide muscular slips that eminate from internal surface of inferior 6 ribs and costal cartilages, interdigiting with slips from TA lumbar: from lumbar vertebrae by two pillars called musculotendinous crura, which attach on both sides of the aorta. |
| diaphragm sometimes contracts involuntarily due to? | certain irritations: eating too quickly, drink sodas, experience acid reflux or a stressful day if air is inhaled during these contractions, space between vocal cords closes suddenly: hiccups long term hiccups of several days usually caused by nerve irritation, eg following surgery to or near diaphragm affecting the phrenic nerve |
| as aging occurs thoracic wall compliance...? | diminishes and importance of healthy diaphragmatic function increases |
| clavicles are... | the only bony link beteween UEX & axial skeleton via sc joint.. provides a route for force transmission from UEX to thorax. giving anterior attachment to investing fascia of thoracic viscera.. pleura attach to medial surface of 1st rib and through strong fascia of subclavius to the clavicle |
| Which ribs are most susceptible to dysfunction and why? | upper ribs - possibly due to integratory load of c-spine and shoulder girdle and proximity of neurovascular tissues... this may be related to trauma of coughing, whiplash, maintained emotional stress and in hyperventilation syndrome. |
| locomotion | supports by allowing trunk rotation by virtue of facet direction, which supports integration of upper limb and c-spine |
| Shoulder function. | provides attachment for shoulder girdle during movement, enhance shoulder movement and stability and allow redirection and dissipation of torque and momentum within the thorax. provides attachment point for muscles and tissues controlling the postural orientation of shoulder girdle and hand and aditionally, those allowing transmission of forces from shoulder to the body. |
| force dissipation | attachment site for soft tissues connecting c-spine & trunk to allow transmission & dissipation of forces generated in these areas - mainly axial compression and rotational torque - essential for normal gait mechanics. |
| protection | protection and support of thoracic viscera and CNS. supports sympathetic outflow C7 - L1/2 |
| adaptibility & compensation | thanks to number of joints available for small movements and relative deformability of rib cage. Relative elasticity of rib cage, rotatory capacity and volume of muscle attachments enable thorax to offer good degree of adaptability, especially in early life. Also enables some compensation to occur in response to dysfunction |
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