Sources

Annotations:

• Hierarchycaly classified in the Article 38 of the Statute of the ICJ  

1. International Conventions (Treaties)
   1. Reservations

      Annotations:

      • Unilateral Statement, however phrased or named, made by a State, when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving, or acceding to a treaty in their appication to that state.
   2. Pacta sunt Servanda

      Annotations:

      • This is the foundation of treaties
   3. Termination of treaties

      Annotations:

      • Material Breach Supervening impossibility of performance Fundamental change of circumstances
      1. Breach
      2. Impossibility
      3. Change of circumstances
   4. Elements
      1. International agreement concluded between states
      2. In written form
         1. Signed by a delegate with full powers
         2. Expression of consent to be bound
      3. Governed By IL
      4. Wheter embodied in a single instrument or two or more related instruments
      5. Whatever its particular designation
   5. Interpretation Principles
      1. Actuality of equality
      2. Natural and ordinary meaning
      3. Integration
      4. Effectiveness

         Annotations:

         • Ut magis valeat quam pereat
      5. Subsequent practice
      6. Contemporaneity
2. Custom
   1. Material Element
      1. Inveterata consuetudo

         Annotations:

         • What states actually do
         1. Uniformity
         2. Universally
         3. Altough not absolutely rigorous

            Annotations:

            • EU vs. Nicaragua case
   2. Subjective Element
      1. Opinio Iuris

         Annotations:

         • Why such behaviour should be considered as law
         1. Expressed in the external actions with legal content
         2. General Acquiescence in the practice by other states
         3. Conception that the practice is required or consistent with IL
3. General Principles of Law

   Annotations:

   • Recognised by civilised nations