Are imaginary lines that run
perpendicular to the Earth's
axis. The equator is the
parallel that dives the earth in
two equal hemispheres
Meridians
Are imaginary semicircles that join
the shout pole an the north pole .
The Greenwich Meridian , or prime
meridian.
Latitude
Is the distance between a point
on the Earth's surface an the
equator. North (N) and Shout (S)
are used to indicate which side
of the equator the parallel lies.
Longitude
Is a distance between a on the Earth's
surface an the Greenwich Meridian .
East (E) or West (W) are used to indicate
which side of the prime meridian the
meridians lies.
CARTOGRAPHY
Map projections : Use the maps to
represent the surface of the earth .
Cylindrical
This type of projections
is more accurate at the
equator and tropics, but
is distorted at the poles.
Flat
This type is frequently
used in nautical maps
and it is specially
helpful in representing
the poles.