Sexual Ethics

Sexual Ethics

Homosexuality
1. Introduction
  1. Sexual Identity refers to a person's sexuality
  2. Their sexual orientation.
    1. Hetrosexual= Opposite Sex
    2. Bi-Sexual= both sexes
    3. Homosexual
      1. Same sex
      2. Derived from the word homo meaning same
2. History
  1. Homosexuality 'was not removed from the american list of psychiatric disorders until as recently as 1973
    1. Tyler and Reid
    2. people who suffered from this mental illness were locked up in appaling conditions
  2. December 2005 the fist civil partnership took place.
3. Biblical Views
  1. Homosexuality is condemned in the Old and the New testament
  2. NT
    1. Jesus does not mention homosexuality
    2. St Paul
      1. nor the homosexuals ...will inherit the kingdom of God
      2. Men committed indecent acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for perversion
      3. Scholars question the relevance of his teachings today
      4. Robin Scarggs
        Paul's teachings are "Directed against exploitive sex with young boys which was common in the Graco-Roman World, and this has nothing to do with voluntary homosexual relationships."
  3. OT
    1. Man and Woman must fill the earth
      1. Genisis 2:24
    2. Do not lie with a man as one lies with a woman, that is detestable.
      1. Leviticus
    3. They must be put to death.
      1. Leviticus 20:13
4. Christian Views
  1. Roman Catholic
    1. Absolutist Stance on homosexuality
    2. "They must be accepted with respect, compassion and sensitivity."
  2. Presbyterian
    1. Believe we are created in the eyes of God. Homosexuality is condemned, but they accept they are misunderstood and call them to live an abstinent life.
  3. Methodist Church
    1. USA. "We do not condone the act of homosexuality and consider it immoral."
    2. "We are opposed to all debated forms of homosexuality, but we plead for understanding and tolerance for them."
  4. Anglican Communion
    1. Divided opinion
  5. Church of England
    1. Homosexual people are in every way as valuable to the church as hetrosexual people.
5. Secular Views
  1. Peter Vardy "Casual homosexual or lesbian activity indulged in soley for the pleasure of the act, rather than as a relationship, can be as destructive and as damaging to the human integrity to those involved as casual hetrosexual sex."
  2. JSM "The only purpose for which power can be rightfully excercised over any member of a civilised community, against his own will, is to prevent harm to others"
  3. Freud "Homosexuality is no advantage, but it is nothing to be ashamed of."
6. Application of theory
  1. Natural Law
    1. Against. Disobeys primary precept to reproduce
  2. Utilitarianism
    1. For, if it promotes the greatest amount of happiness.
    2. Peter Singer "If a form of homosexuality brings satisfaction to those who takes part in it and harms no one, what can be immoral about it."
  3. Situation Ethics
    1. For, if it is being done out of love and no one is exploited.
Marriage and Divorce
1. Introduction
  1. Marriage is the union of two people, in both religious and legal terms.
  2. Our Religious views and upbringing can influence our opinion on marraige
  3. Biblical Views
    1. Be fruitful and increase in number
    2. It is not good for man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him
    3. For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife and they will become one flesh
  4. Marriage is seen as unitive, procreative and exclusive.
2. Biblical Views
  1. Stott outlines that it must be a hetrosexual marriage, supportive and consummated by sexual union
  2. Polygamy in OT
    1. Lamech married 2 women. Adah and Zaliah
    2. Jacob had two wives Leah and Rachel
    3. Solomon had 700 wives and 300 concubines
  3. Monogamy in OT
    1. Deuteronomy also states "He must not take many wives or his heart will be lead astray"
    2. Timothy: the husband of but one wife
  4. Augustine developed the sacramental nature of marriage and agreed with genesis and paul
  5. Paul expressed marriage as being permenant. "A wife must not separate from her husband, but if she does she must remain unmarried"
3. Christian views
  1. The catholic church emphasises sex should only take place in marriage
  2. Protestant denomination think the unitive is more important than procreative and allow contraception
  3. The church of England are now considering letting homosexual couples marry
4. Secular Views
  1. Humanist follow the reason, experience and repeat rule and agree that marriage is a useful institution
5. Application Of Theory
  1. Natural Law
    1. For. Primary precept to love
  2. Utilitarianism
    1. For, if it provides the greatest amount of happiness
  3. Situation Ethics
    1. For, most loving course of action

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