Enzymes and Respiration

Enzymes
2. Biological Catalysts
3. Amino acid chains folded to form active site
4. Involved in...
  1. Building large molecules from smaller ones
  2. Changing one molecule to another
  3. Breaking dow large molecues in smaller ones
5. DENATURED = Bonds broken
Proteins
1. Long chains of AMINO ACIDS
  1. Different Arrangements=Different Chains
2. Structural Bodies of...
  1. Tissues
  2. Hormones
  3. Antibodies
  4. Catalysts (enzymes)
Rates of Reacion
1. Temperature
  1. Temperature
2. 1. pH
Enzymes in Industry
1. Slimming Foods
  1. Insomerase turns glucose into fructose
  2. Sweeter but less glucose
2. Baby Food
  1. Protease breaks chains of amino acids (proteins)
  2. Helps the baby digest foods
Types
1. Lipase = Breaks down fats
2. Protease = Breaks down proteins
3. Carbohydrase = Breaks down Carbohydrates
4. Amylase = Breaks down startch
Aerobic Respiration
1. Breaking down foods using oxygen to release energy from cells
2. Glucose+Oxygen = CO2+Water(+energy)
3. Mitochondria = site
4. Uses of energy(products)...
  1. Needed by cells to carry out basic functions
  2. Make muscles contract for animals
  3. Keep constant temp in bodies
Anaerobic Respiration
1. Glucose = Lactic Acid + (a little energy)
2. Happens when muscles run short of oxygen
3. Glucose is incompletely broken down to lactic acid which gradually builds up in the muscles
4. LESS energy released
5. OXYGEN DEBT
  1. Amount of oxygen needed to break down lactic Acid into CO2 ad water after exercise
KEY DEFINITIONS
1. Active Site=Part of enzyme molecule, enzyme fits in
2. Substrate=the substance on which an enzyme works
3. Optimum temp.=temp at which enzyme works fastest
4. Denature=enzyme loses shape of active site when heated above 45°/exposed to extreme pH
5. Bile=Helps digestion by making tiny fat droplets so lipase can break it down more quickly

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Enzymes and Respiration

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	Created by I Turner about 10 years ago