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Menopause

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Health Care Concepts 3 (Human Development (13)) Mind Map on Menopause, created by Ilana Kovach on 06/09/2017.
Ilana Kovach
Mind Map by Ilana Kovach, updated more than 1 year ago
Ilana Kovach
Created by Ilana Kovach over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Menopause
  1. Causes
    1. High levels of pituitary & low levels of ovarian hormones
      1. Chemotherapy & Radiation
        1. surgical intervention- hystrectomy
        2. Clinical Manifestations
          1. No periods for 1 year
            1. 48-55yrs of age
              1. Climateric, Perimenopausal

                Annotations:

                • Overian Function begins to decline
                1. Irregular Periods
                  1. Wake up during the night
                    1. Increase in irritability
                      1. Migraines
                        1. Fatigue (often urinate durning the night)
                          1. Poor Concentration
                            1. loss of libido
                              1. Inability to multitask
                                1. Vaginal Dryness
                                2. Postmenopausal
                                3. Complications
                                  1. Osteoporosis
                                    1. Vaginal Dryness
                                      1. Heart Disease
                                        1. Poor Bladder & Bowel Function
                                          1. Poor Muscle tone or loss of muscle
                                            1. Deterioration of Vision
                                              1. Psychosocial - 1) sense of loss 2) decrease of self esteem 3) depression
                                              2. Interventions
                                                1. HRT- estrogen & Progesterone

                                                  Annotations:

                                                  • Hormone Replacement Therapy 
                                                  1. Prevent Uterine Cancer (Combination Therapy)
                                                    1. Esterogen only more at risk for blood clotting, cancer & strokes

                                                      Annotations:

                                                      • Hystrectomy only needs estrogen.
                                                      1. Contraindications: uncontrolled hypertension, unexplained vaginal bleeding, impaired liver function, active thromboembolic disease, prophyria, breast cancer
                                                        1. Estrogen- Naseau, fluid retention, headache, & breast enlargement
                                                          1. Progesterone- increased appetite, weight gain, irritability, depression, spotting, breast tenderness
                                                            1. Report immediately of sudden loss of vision, severe headache, chest pain, hemoptysis, pain in the calves (especially swelling/redness), numbness in arm or leg, abd. pain or tenderness
                                                            2. Pill, Transdermal Patch or injection
                                                            3. Weight Bearing Excercise, Calcium, Biphosponates

                                                              Annotations:

                                                              • Biphosphonate suppress reabsorption. 
                                                              1. Breast exam, Pap smear
                                                                1. Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
                                                                  1. Selective estrogen Receptor Modulator

                                                                    Annotations:

                                                                    • Competes with estrogen for estrogen receptor sites.  *It decreases bone loss & decrease serum cholestrol with minimal effects on breast & uterine tissue
                                                                    1. Non hormonal therapy
                                                                      1. Exercise & increase sleep & decrease alcohol/caeffine
                                                                        1. SSRI
                                                                          1. Clonadine/Gabapentin (hotflashes)
                                                                            1. Keep Cool Environment
                                                                              1. Relaxation Techniques
                                                                                1. Increase air circulation in the room & avoid heavy bedding
                                                                                2. Alternative
                                                                                  1. Bio-identical
                                                                                    1. Massage
                                                                                      1. Ask if they are on Herbs
                                                                                    2. Labs
                                                                                      1. may still have increased FSH & LH
                                                                                        1. Drop in Progesterone & Esterogen

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