Adjectives

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mind map about adjectives
Diana Lima
Mind Map by Diana Lima, updated more than 1 year ago
Diana Lima
Created by Diana Lima over 7 years ago
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Adjectives
  1. An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun.
    1. An adjective may be
      1. Proper adjective
        1. It is an adjective formed from a proper noun. It always begins with capital letter.
          1. Example
            1. Korean people
        2. Common adjective
          1. It gives a general trait to the words they modify.
            1. Example
              1. Skinny jeans
        3. Characteristics of adjectives
          1. Morphological
            1. Some of them have inflection -er and -est in comparison. Derivation with affixes: (a-, -y, -ful, less, -able, -ic (al)). Invariable words (for gender, case and number).
              1. Example
                1. prettier, tallest, unfaithful, useless, two
            2. Notional
              1. They qualify things, people and states.
                1. Some can have different degrees:
                  1. Gradable
                    1. They provide a scalar degree and also, they can take degree modifiers.
                      1. Example
                        1. a very expensive house
                    2. Non-gradable
                      1. Non-gradable adjectives do not take modifiers of degree.
                        1. Example
                          1. Phonetic
                      2. Stative
                        1. They denote a state
                          1. Example
                            1. Old
                        2. Dynamic
                          1. Denote an action or getting to a state. They can appear in the predicative position with the imperative and progressive forms of "to be".
                            1. Example
                              1. careful, be careful
                          2. Inherent
                            1. This adjective characterizes the referent of the noun directly.
                              1. Example
                                1. a red lipstick
                            2. Non-inherent
                              1. Do not characterize the referent of the noun directly.
                                1. Example
                                  1. a new pet
                        3. Functional
                          1. They can have an attributive or predicative function and position.
                        4. Syntactic functions of adjectives
                          1. Attributive
                            1. They can pre-modify the head of a noun phrase
                              1. Example
                                1. a little boy
                            2. Predicative
                              1. They appear after a linking verb.
                                1. Example
                                  1. The dog smells bad
                              2. Postpositive
                                1. They inmediately follow the noun or pronoun they modify. Compound indefinite pronouns and adverbs can only be modify postpositively.
                                  1. Example
                                    1. accounts payable
                              3. Placement and order of adjectives
                                1. When we use more than one adjective, it is important to know the order in which the adjective must be.
                                  1. NOSASCOMP
                                    1. Number
                                      1. Example
                                        1. Two watches
                                      2. Opinion
                                        1. Example
                                          1. Two beautiful watches
                                        2. Size
                                          1. Example
                                            1. Two beautiful big watches
                                          2. Age
                                            1. Example
                                              1. Two beautiful big old watches
                                            2. Shape
                                              1. Example
                                                1. Two beautiful big old round watches
                                              2. Color
                                                1. Example
                                                  1. Two beautiful big old round brown watches
                                                2. Origin
                                                  1. Example
                                                    1. Two beautiful big old round brown Salvadorean watches
                                                  2. Material
                                                    1. Example
                                                      1. Two beautiful big old round brown Salvadorean leather watches
                                                    2. Purpose
                                                      1. Example
                                                        1. Two beautiful big old round brown Salvadorean leather fashion watches
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