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ATTENTION & PERCEPTION CONT
Description
Degree with Hons Attention And Perception - DSE 212 Mind Map on ATTENTION & PERCEPTION CONT, created by cutiemcpouty on 26/05/2013.
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attention and perception
attention and perception - dse 212
degree with hons
Mind Map by
cutiemcpouty
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
cutiemcpouty
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ATTENTION & PERCEPTION CONT
SECTION 3 - THEORIES OF PERCEPTION
3 THEORIES
GREGORY
CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY
TOP-DOWN PROCESSING
BUILD PERCEPTION OF WORLD FROM INCOMPLETE INFO
USING PREVIOUSLY STORED KNOWLEDGE
TO INTERPRET SENSORY INFO INCOMING
AND MAKE SENSE OF IT
COMBINING IT WITH WHAT THEY KNOW
FORMING HYPOTHESIS OF WHAT THEY ARE PERCEIVING
EG -HOW ILLUSIONS ARE SEEN
COW PICTURE CANNOT SEE SOMETHING ELSE
GIBSON
CONTRASTING/OPPOSITES
EYSENCK
PERCEPTION DEPENDS ON BOTH
TOP DOWN & BOTTOM UP
HOW DO THESE PROCESSES INFLUENCE PERCEPTION
EVALUATE IMPORTANCE OF THE 2 KINDS OF PROCESSING
ANSWER = PRIMARY FACTOR - INFORMATION COMING FROM SENSES
WHEN EITHER OR BOTH ARE DEFICIENT - TOP DOWN PROCESSING TAKES PRESIDENCE
TOP DOWN - INFORMATION ALREADY STORED - HOW YOU PERCEIVE IT PREVIOUSLY
IS HOW YOU WILL REFER TO IT
AS AMOUNT OF INFO INCREASES TOP DOWN LESS INFLUENCIAL
FAMILIARITY PLAYS A PART - MORE FAMILIAR ENVIRONMENT
LESS NEED FOR LARGE AMOUNTS OF TOP-DOWN & ATTENTION
LOOKED BUT FAILED TO SEE ACCIDENTS
WHEN DRIVERS DRIVE INTO SOMETHING BUT CLAIM DID NOT SEE IT.
THING DRIVEN INTO NOT OBVIOUS NOT EXPECTING IT TO BE THERE.
IE ROUTE TO WORK - SOMETHING CHANGES, DO NOT LOOK FOR IT.. CYCLIST
DIRECT PERCEPTION
BOTTOM UP PROCESSING
WE DONT USE STORED KNOWLEDGE AT ALL
SENSORY INFORMATION IS ENOUGH
BRUCE
LIZZARD + FLY
LIZZARD ONLY KNOWS SENSORY INFO ABOUT FLY NOTHING MORE
AND CAN CATCH FLY - NEEDS NO PREVIOUS INFO ABOUT FLY
PHENOMENOLOGISTS
INVOLVED WITH FEELINGS & INDIVIDUALS PERCEPTION OF THE WORLD
CONCERN THEMSELF WITH - OUR UNIQUE EXPERIENCE OF THE WORLD
HOW WE VIEW IT DUE TO WHO WE ARE, PAST AND PRESENT
WHAT IT FEELS LIKE AND WHAT IT MEANS TO YOU
CALLED - EXPERIENCE OF PERCEPTION
HAPPENS BY - KNOWLEDGE & EXPERIENCE OF A SITUATION OR OBJECT
AND EVERYONE IS DIFFERENT DUE TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
EG CUBE - CHILD SEES BUILDING BLOCK - GAMBLER SEES WEALTH, FACE NUMBER OF DICE
EXAMPLE CANDLESTICK
WE CAN SEE THINGS EITHER WAY IE CANDLESTICK + BACKGROUND OR FACE + BACKGROUND
WE WILL CHOOSE WHICH IS MORE RELEVANT TO US AND VIEW IT THAT WAY
BUT WE CAN SEE BOTH PICTURES/VISIONS
HUSSERL
GERMAN DUDE
TOP DOWN PROCESSING AFFECTS PERCEPTION IN A RICHER WAY THAN GREGORY BELIEVES
TOP DOWN ---------------BOTTOM UP
PHENOMENOLOGY----CONSTRUCTIVISM---DIRECT PERCEPTION
GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY - PART OF PHENOMENOLOGISTS
USE OWN KNOWLEDGE OF SUBSECTIONS TO COMPLETE PICTIURE
WHOLE IS MORE THAN THE SUM OF THE PARTS
EG SPIDER IN THE WILDERNESS - IMPORTANT TO NOTICE THE OBJECT
AS COULD BE PREDATOR OR PREY = CAMOUFLAGED
WOULD BE IMPORTANT FOR ANCESTORS!!
FOCUS ON PERCEPTUAL PROCESSES
SECTION 4 - EVERYDAY COGNITIVE PROCESSES
SABEY & STAUGHTON
LOOK BUT FAIL TO SEE ACCIDENTS
EG ...NORMAL ROUTE.. STRANGE OBJECT OR DIFFERENT SITUATION
COLE & HUGHES
SENSORY CONSPICUITY = PROPERTIES OF AN OBJECT EG SHAPE, COLOUR & BRIGHTNESS
MAY NOT ALWAYS BE ENOUGH FOR US TO DETECT THEM AND PERCEIVE THEM
ATTENTION CONSPICUITY = HOW LIKELY AN OBJECT IS TO DRAW ATTECTION TO ITSELF
EFFECTED BY YOUR OWN EXPECTATIONS.. IF YOU EXPECT TO SEE A MOTORCYCLIST YOUR MORE LIKELY TO NOTICE ONE
LANGHAM ET AL
SURVEY & QUASI-EXPERIMENT
STATIONARY POLICE CARS FITTED WITH SENSORY ENHANCERS... SIRENS, REFLECTIVE MATERIAL, FLASHING LIGHTS ETC
ARE SOMETIMES HIT BY DRIVERS WHO FAIL TO SEE THEM
HIGHLIGHT THE ROLE OF TOP DOWN PROCESSING & AUTOMATIC PROCESSING
IE = WHATS ALREADY BEEN EXPERIENCED IN THE PASSED AND WE PRESUME WILL BE.
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