Minerals

Description

Probably not useful
Jessica Frederick
Mind Map by Jessica Frederick, updated more than 1 year ago
Jessica Frederick
Created by Jessica Frederick about 8 years ago
8
0

Resource summary

Minerals
  1. Silicates
    1. Tectosilicates (Framework Silicates) [SiO2]
      1. Silica Group (Silica Oxide)
        1. Quartz (SiO2)
          1. High Quartz (Hexagonal)
            1. Low Quartz (Rhombohedral)
            2. Cristobalite (SiO2)
              1. High temp; low pressure. Quenched
                1. snowflake obsidian
              2. Tridymite (SiO2)
                1. High temp; low pressure. Quenched
                  1. not as high temp as cristobalite
                2. Coesite (SiO2)
                  1. high temp; high pressure
                    1. found naturally in impact craters or subducted metamorphic rocks
                    2. monoclinic
                    3. Stishovite (SiO2)
                      1. higher temp and pressure than coesite
                        1. tetragonal
                      2. Feldspar Group
                        1. Potassium Feldspars (Potassium Aluminum Silicate; Alkali Feldpsars)

                          Annotations:

                          • potassium aluminum silicate Alkali Feldspars
                          1. Orthoclase KAlSi3O8
                            1. monoclinic
                              1. found in granites. normal cooling rate. Al found in either T1 site
                              2. T1
                                1. T2
                                  1. T2
                                    1. T1
                                2. "crankshaft" tetrahedron arrangement
                                  1. Sanidine (K,Na)AlSi3O8
                                    1. monoclinic
                                      1. found in lavas. Quenched. Al in any site
                                      2. Microcline KAlSi3O8
                                        1. triclinic
                                          1. has a characteristic twinning. very slow cooling. Al in a single T1 site
                                          2. possess exsolution lamellae (viens); polysynthetic twinning cannot be seen
                                          3. Plagioclase Feldspars (Sodium/Calcium Silicate)
                                            1. Albite NaAlSi3O8
                                              1. Sodium rich plagioclase
                                              2. Anorthite CaAl2Si2O8
                                                1. Calcium rich plagioclase
                                                2. Posseses polysyntheic twinning, seen as striations. Light interacting with the faces show a play of colors. Labradorescence
                                              3. Feldspathoid Group
                                                1. Leucite KAlSi2O6
                                                  1. found in basalts
                                                  2. Nepheline (Na,K)AlSiO4
                                                    1. silicon deficient albite
                                                      1. not a nesosilicate
                                                      2. forms when magma is silica deficient
                                                      3. Zeolite Group
                                                        1. Sodalite Na3Al3Si3O12
                                                          1. dark blue
                                                        2. Other
                                                          1. Beryl Be3Al2Si6O18
                                                            1. Cordierite (Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18
                                                          2. Phyllosilicates (Sheet Silicates) [Si2O5]2-
                                                            1. Serpentine Group
                                                              1. Chrysotile Mg6Si4O10(OH)8
                                                                1. silica and brucite sheets
                                                                  1. "TO" arrangement, van der vaals
                                                                2. Clay Mineral Group
                                                                  1. Kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)4
                                                                    1. silica and gibbsite sheets
                                                                      1. "TO" arrangement, van der vaals
                                                                      2. Pyrophyllite Al2Si4O10(OH)2
                                                                        1. silica and gibbsite sheets
                                                                          1. "TO" arrangement? van der vaals
                                                                          2. Talc Mg3SiO10(OH)2
                                                                            1. silica and brucite sheets
                                                                              1. "TOT" arrangement, van der vaals
                                                                            2. Mica Group
                                                                              1. Biotite Series
                                                                                1. Phlogopite KMg3(AlSi3O10)
                                                                                  1. "TOT" arrangement, like talc but with K in between instead of van der vaals
                                                                                    1. silica and brucite sheets
                                                                                    2. Biotite K(Fe,Mg)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
                                                                                      1. silica and brucite sheets
                                                                                    3. Other Micas
                                                                                      1. Muscovite KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
                                                                                        1. "TOT" arrangement with K in between
                                                                                          1. silica and gibbsite sheets
                                                                                          2. Lepidolite K(Li,Al)2-3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
                                                                                        2. Chlorite Group
                                                                                          1. Chlorite
                                                                                            1. variable combinations of talc and brucite
                                                                                        3. Cyclosilicates (Ring Silicates)
                                                                                          1. Tourmaline (Na,Ca)(Fe,Mg,Al,Li)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4
                                                                                          2. Inosilicates (Chain Silicates) [Si2O6]4-
                                                                                            1. Pyroxene Group
                                                                                              1. Orthopyroxene
                                                                                                1. Enstatite Mg2Si2O6
                                                                                                  1. lower left corner of triangle
                                                                                                  2. Ferrosilite Fe2Si2O6
                                                                                                    1. lower right corner of triangle
                                                                                                  3. Clinopyroxene (Diopside-Hedenburgite Series)
                                                                                                    1. Diopside CaMgSi2O6
                                                                                                      1. 50% Ca, Mg side
                                                                                                      2. Hedenbergite CaFeSi2O6
                                                                                                        1. 50% Ca, Fe side
                                                                                                      3. Other Clinopyroxenes
                                                                                                        1. Pigeonite (Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6
                                                                                                          1. thin area above lower most part of triangle
                                                                                                          2. Augite (Ca,Mg,Fe,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)2O6
                                                                                                            1. drop between diopside and hedenburgite
                                                                                                            2. Jadeite NaAlSi2O6
                                                                                                              1. High grade regional metamorphism
                                                                                                              2. Acmite/Aegerine NaFeSi2O6
                                                                                                                1. Na-rich granites (alkali granties)
                                                                                                            3. Amphibole Group
                                                                                                              1. Cummingtonite Series
                                                                                                                1. Cummingtonite (Mg,Fe)7Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                  1. Grunerite Fe7Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                    1. can be found as amosite asbestos. Fe in sea water=banded iron
                                                                                                                  2. Tremolite Series
                                                                                                                    1. Temolite Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                      1. from sandy dolomite
                                                                                                                      2. Actinolite Ca2(Fe,Mg)5Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                      3. regional metamorphism
                                                                                                                        1. Other Amphiboles
                                                                                                                          1. Anthophyllite Mg7Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                            1. Glaucophane Na2MG3Al2Si8O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                              1. blue schist metamorphism
                                                                                                                              2. Hornblende (K,Na)0-1(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)5(Si6-8,Al2-0)O22(OH)2
                                                                                                                                1. K,Na in A-site (in between flat side of chains)
                                                                                                                                  1. Amphibolite
                                                                                                                              3. Pyroxenoid Group
                                                                                                                                1. Wollastonite CaSiO3
                                                                                                                                  1. Rhodonite MnSiO3
                                                                                                                                    1. Pectolite NaCa2(SiO3)3H
                                                                                                                                  2. Nesosilicates (Isolated Tetrahedral Silicates) [SiO4]4-
                                                                                                                                    1. Garnet Group A3B2(SiO4)3
                                                                                                                                      1. Pyralspite Series
                                                                                                                                        1. Pyrope Mg3Al2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                          1. metamorphic
                                                                                                                                          2. Almandine Fe3Al2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                            1. metamorphic
                                                                                                                                            2. Spessartine Mn3Al2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                              1. in clay
                                                                                                                                            3. Ugrandite Series
                                                                                                                                              1. Uvarovite Ca3Cr2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                                1. green
                                                                                                                                                2. Grossular Ca3Al2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                                  1. in clay
                                                                                                                                                  2. Andradite Ca3Fe2Si3O12
                                                                                                                                                3. Olivine Group
                                                                                                                                                  1. Forsterite Mg2SiO4
                                                                                                                                                    1. Fayalite Fe2SiO4
                                                                                                                                                    2. Humite Group
                                                                                                                                                      1. Norbergite Mg3SiO4(OH,F)2
                                                                                                                                                        1. Chondrodite Mg5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
                                                                                                                                                        2. Aluminosilicate Group
                                                                                                                                                          1. Andalusite Al2SiO5
                                                                                                                                                            1. contact metamorphism; orthorhombic
                                                                                                                                                              1. top section of diagram
                                                                                                                                                              2. Kyanite Al2SiO5
                                                                                                                                                                1. triclinic
                                                                                                                                                                  1. left side of diagram
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Sillimanite Al2SiO5
                                                                                                                                                                    1. orthorhombic
                                                                                                                                                                      1. right side of diagram
                                                                                                                                                                  3. Sorosilicates (Paired Tetrahedral Silicates) [Si2O7]6-
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Epidote Group
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Epidote Ca2(Al,Fe)Al2O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Clinozoisite Ca2Al3OSiO4Si2O7(OH)
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Native Element
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Native Metal Group
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Gold Au
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Silver Ag
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Platinum Pt
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Copper Cu
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Native Semimetal Group
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Arsenic As
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Antimony Sb
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Bismuth Bi
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Native Nonmetal Group
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Diamond C
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Graphite C
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sulfur S
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Sulfide (X)S
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 Copper Iron Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Bornite Cu5FeS4 Copper Iron Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Sphalerite ZnS Zinc Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Galena PbS Lead Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pyrrhotite Fe1-xS Iron Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pentlandite (Ni,Fe)9S8 Nickel/Iron Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Molybdenite MoS2 Molybenum(IV) Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Millerite NiS Nickel Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cinnabar HgS Silver Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Covellite CuS Copper(II) Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Chalcocite Cu2S Copper(IV) Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Pyrite FeS2 Iron(IV) Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Marcasite FeS2 Iron(IV) Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Arsenopyrite FeAsS Iron Arsenic Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Orpiment As2S3 Arsenic Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Realgar AsS Arsenic Sulfide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Halide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Halite NaCl Sodium Chloride
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Sylvite KCl Potassium Chloride
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Fluorite CaF2 Calcium Fluoride
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Calcite CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Magnesite MgCO3 Magnesium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Siderite FeCO3 Iron Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Rhodochrosite MnCO3 Manganese Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Smithsonite ZnCO3 Zinc Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 Calcium Magnesium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Ankerite CaFe(CO3)2 Calcium Iron Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Aragonite CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Calcite polymorph
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Witherite BaCO3 Barium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Strontianite SrCO3 Strontium Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cerussite PbCO3 Lead Carbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Malachite Cu2CO3(OH)2 Copper Hydroxycarbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Azurite Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Copper Hydroxycarbonate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Trona Na3H(CO3)2*2H2O Sodium hydrocabonate 2H2O
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Hydroxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Gibbsite Al(OH)3 Aluminum Hydroxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Brucite Mg(OH)3 Magnesium Hydroxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Phosphate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Monazite (Ce,La,Th,Y)PO4 Cerium/Lanthanum/Thorium/Yttrium Phosphate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Apatite Ca(PO4)3(OH,F,Cl) Calcium Phosphate Hydroxide/Fluoride/Chloride
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pyromorphite Pb5(PO4)3Cl Lead Phosphate Chloride
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Turquoise CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8*4H2O Hydrous Calcium Aluminum Phosphate Hydroxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Anhydrite CaSO4 Calcium Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. anhydrous gypsum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Barite BaSO4 Barium Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Celestite SrSO4 Strontium Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anglesite PbSO4 Lead Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Gypsum CaSO4*2H2O Hydrous Calcium Sulfate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Rutile TiO2 Titantium Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Hematite Fe2O3 Iron(III) Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Corundum Al2O3 Aluminum Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Ilmenite FeTiO3 Iron Titanium Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cassiterite SnO2 Tin Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Pyrolusite MnO2 Manganese Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Manganese fireworks when oxidized "pyro"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Columbite (Fe,Mn)Nb2O6 Iron/Manganese Niobium Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Tantalite (Fe,Mn)Ta2O6 Iron/Manganese Tantalum Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Spinel MgAl2O4 Magnesium Aluminum Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Magnetite Fe3O4 Iron Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Chromite FeCr2O4 Iron Chromium Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Uraninite UO2 Uranium Oxide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Borate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Borax Na2B4O5(OH)6*5H2O Sodium Boron Oxide Hydroxide Hydrate(5)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Ulexite NaCaB5O6(OH)6*5H2O Sodium Calcium Boron oxide Hydroxide Hydrate(5)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Tungstate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Huebnerite MnWO4 Manganese Tungstate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Ferberite FeWO4 Iron Tungstate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Scheelite CaWO4 Calcium Tungstate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show full summary Hide full summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Similar

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Types of Rocks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  lloyd.richards98
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  F792 Geology Identifying Rocks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Izzy Backhouse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AS Geology - Planetary Geology; Planets of the universe
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Rebecca Giddings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  GCSE Chemistry: The Crust
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Landon Valencia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The Rock Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Antonia Blankenberg
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Geology- Structural
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  holliebishop1996
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chapter 1: The Nature of Science
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Caroline Conlan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Geology - 1.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Rosina Rennie
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Geology-Flash cards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Michael LEwis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  rock quiz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jack Franklin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unit 6.3 - Minerals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Salma Samatar