1.5 Network Topologies,protocols and
layers V2 Joshua Guerrero
A Star network
Each device is connected by an individual
cable directly to the server .They tend to be
more reliable and so are usually used in
schools and offices
Ethernet
Stable Connection
Reduced possibility to be hacked
Faster Trafic speed
Generally will have good signal
WIFI
Benifits
Cheap set-up costs
More vulnerable to hacking
The signal quality will reduce through walls or
obstructions
Can connect multiple devices with no hardware
Interface can occur
May not able to receive signals
Tends to have slow transfer speeds
The connection is stable
Wireless Frequency
Radio waves are used to transmit data
packets without the need for wires
Encryption
Encryption is a method of
scrambling data with a key code
which makes no sense
On an open or public WIFI network anyone can join and sniff out packets of data from other users.
Therefore encryption is used .If intercepted the data will have no meaning
Portocols
IP
Internet Protocol
This is also known a IP address
HTTP = Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTP transmits data over the internet in a
unsecure format
HTTPS = Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
HTTPS uses encryption so that any data
that is intercepted is meaningless.
POP
Post office protocol
Send and receive emails
A set of rules
IMAP
Used to retrieve emails
SMTP
Used to send emails
Packets
A packet is the unit of data that is routed between an origin and
a destination on the Internet or any other packet-switched
network
It is data put in individual packets
The packet is sent and read
Calculate checksum
Once received it checks for missing packets
If one is missing then it sends an error message
Then it will reassemble and send the other packet .
Then it will receive the data and there will be a confirmation message
Packets contain
The Network souce
The Network Destination
Packet number
Pay load
Network
Mesh Network
Where some or all workstations are directly
connected to the each other.Most are
connected to the node and they exchange the
data with
Layers
Network communication components are standardised
Different types of hardware and software are able to
communicate troubleshooting easier should and error
occour it changes are made to one layer it doesnt efffect
another olayer