15790341
Description
Mind Map by Abdelrahman Nouh, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Abdelrahman Nouh
about 6 years ago
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|
Nadia Burns Her Hand (skin burns)
- Types
- radiation
- contact burns
- chemical
- electrical
- true high tension
- current flows through individual
- current flows through individual
- flash
- heat from a high voltage current arc
- current doesn't flow
- current doesn't flow
- heat from a high voltage current arc
- true high tension
- fire
- flame burns
- usually inhalation
- usually inhalation
- flame burns
- scalds
- liquid
- spill
- immersion
- spill
- steam
- grease
- liquid
- radiation
- demography
- name: Nadia
- incident
- burned her hand with hot oil
- burned her hand with hot oil
- incident
- age: 55
- occupation: chef
- marital status: married
- name: Nadia
- skin
- 3 layers
- epidermis
- consists of 5 layers
- from bottom to top
- basale
- spinosum
- granulosum
- lucidum
- corneum
- corneum
- lucidum
- granulosum
- spinosum
- basale
- from bottom to top
- consists of 5 layers
- dermis
- consists of 2 layers
- reticular
- papillary
- reticular
- consists of 2 layers
- subcutaneous layer
- adipose tissue
- adipose tissue
- epidermis
- 3 layers
- Effects
- Local
- model of Jackson
- outermost: zone of hyperemia
- Inner region: zone of coagulation
- 2nd layer: zone of stasis
- outermost: zone of hyperemia
- model of Jackson
- Systemic
- metabolism
- increased basal metabolic rate
- increased basal metabolic rate
- immunity
- down regulation
- down regulation
- respiratory
- ARDS
- bronchoconstriction
- ARDS
- cardiovascular
- hypovolemia
- hypotension
- hypoperfusion
- hypovolemia
- metabolism
- Local
- Severity
- 1st degree
- only epidermis involved
- pain - redness - dry & peeling skin
- pain - redness - dry & peeling skin
- only epidermis involved
- 2nd degree
- epidermis and part of dermis involved
- pain - redness - blisters
- pain - redness - blisters
- epidermis and part of dermis involved
- 3rd degree
- all skin layers involved
- charred skin - leathery texture - no pain
- charred skin - leathery texture - no pain
- all skin layers involved
- 4th degree
- subcutaneous layer lost
- subcutaneous layer lost
- 1st degree
- Coagulative necrosis
- cell death
- apoptosis
- no inflammation
- shrunken nucleus
- physiological or pathological
- intact nucleus
- no inflammation
- necrosis
- inflammation
- leads to
- systemic fever
- decrease availability of zinc and iron
- bacteria cannot tolerate heat
- caused by PGE2 bradykinins
- stimulate hypothalamus
- stimulate hypothalamus
- decrease availability of zinc and iron
- systemic fever
- importance
- fights infection
- kills pathogens
- by
- by immune cells and reactions
- by
- kills pathogens
- mediates healing
- by scar
- permanent
- ex: neurons
- ex: neurons
- permanent
- by normal tissue
- stable
- ex: liver
- ex: liver
- labile
- ex: skin
- ex: skin
- stable
- repair
- scar formation
- VEGF & FGF-2
- angiogenesis
- FGF-2 / PDGF / TGF
- granulation tissue formation
- PDGF & TGF-B
- deposition of connective tissue
- MMPs & TIMPs
- Remodeling
- Remodeling
- MMPs & TIMPs
- deposition of connective tissue
- PDGF & TGF-B
- granulation tissue formation
- FGF-2 / PDGF / TGF
- angiogenesis
- VEGF & FGF-2
- scar formation
- by scar
- fights infection
- cardinal signs
- redness & heat
- due to increased vascular permeability (vasodilation)
- due to increased vascular permeability (vasodilation)
- swelling
- due to accumulation of exudate in the interstitial spaces
- exerts pressure on
- pain receptors
- pain receptors
- exerts pressure on
- due to accumulation of exudate in the interstitial spaces
- pain
- due to stimulation of
- due to stimulation of
- loss of function
- caused by all other factors
- caused by all other factors
- redness & heat
- causes
- injury
- autoimmune diseases
- infections
- entry & multiplication of a microorganism in the body
- parasites
- fungi
- viruses
- bacteria
- ivading
- normal flora
- risks
- opportunistic infections
- nosocomial infections
- indigenous infections
- opportunistic infections
- a swab is taken for investigation and to decide which antibiotic to use
- investigations: lab tests
- gram staining
- +
- catalase test
- +
- staph
- coagulase test
- +
- aureus
- aureus
- -
- epidermidis / saprophyticus / etc...
- epidermidis / saprophyticus / etc...
- +
- coagulase test
- staph
- -
- strept
- hemolysis
- alpha
- pneumoniae viridans
- pneumoniae viridans
- Beta
- pyogenes agalactiae
- pyogenes agalactiae
- gamma
- enterococcus
- enterococcus
- alpha
- hemolysis
- strept
- +
- catalase test
- -
- +
- gram staining
- antibiotics
- Mechanisms
- cell membrane inhibitors
- cell wall inhibitors
- nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
- viral replication inhibitors
- metabolites
- protein synthesis inhibitors
- cell membrane inhibitors
- favored characteristics
- selective toxicity
- microbicidal
- stable
- active in the presence of organic compounds
- extensive distribution
- can be taken orally or IV
- selective toxicity
- Mechanisms
- investigations: lab tests
- functions
- seal body space
- mitigate pathogens
- fermentation of fiber
- tissue homeostasis
- seal body space
- microorganisms present in the body
- pathogenic
- symbionts
- commensals
- pathogenic
- risks
- ivading
- parasites
- entry & multiplication of a microorganism in the body
- injury
- leads to
- swelled nucleus
- pathological
- disrupted group nucleus
- inflammation
- apoptosis
- cell death
- complications
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