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16856536
Skin Ulcers
Description
Mind Map on Skin Ulcers, created by Fatima Alkhateeb on 17/02/2019.
Mind Map by
Fatima Alkhateeb
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Fatima Alkhateeb
over 5 years ago
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Resource summary
Skin Ulcers
Histology of the skin
Epidermis
Cells
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhan's cells
Merkel cells
Layers
Stratum Basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
Found in thick skin only
Dermis
Layers
Papillary
Reticular
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous layer deep to the skin, composed of adipose and areolar connective tissue
Glands
Eccrine (sweat glands)
Apocrine (after puberty)
Holocrine (sebaceous glands)
Hair
Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle
Skin Functions
Protection
Sensation
Thermo-regulation
Secretion
Types of skin lesions
Macule:Flat lesion with well circumscribed change in color < 1cm
Patch : Macule >1cm
Papule: Raised solid skin lesion < 1cm
Plaque:Papule > 1cm
Vesicle:Small blister containing fluid < 1cm
Bulla:Large blister containing fluid > 1cm
Pustule:Vesicle containing pus
Wheal:Transient smooth papule/plaque
Scale:Scaling off the corneum
Crust:Dry exudate
Dermatological changes
Hyperkeratosis: Increased corneum thickness
Parakeratosis:Retention of nuclei in corneum
Hypergranulosis: Increased granulosum thickness
Spongiosis: Transient smooth papule/plaque
Acantholysis:Separation of epidermal cells
Acanthosis: Epidermal hyperplasia
Skin cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ulcer with a necrotic base and everted edges, keratin pearls on histopathology
Basal cell carcinoma
Rodent ulcer with rolled in edges, basal cells with pallisading pattern
Melanoma
significant metastasis, ABCDE's to diagnose it
Leishmeniasis
Investigations
Amastigotes in tissues using giemsa stain
Bone Marrow aspirate test (Sensitivity 54-86%)
Splenic aspirate is most sensitive (96-98%)
Management
Sodium stingluconate
Meglumine antimoniate
Miltefosine
Amphotericin
Paromomycin
Types
Cutaneous
The lesions typically evolve from papules to nodular plaques to ulcerative lesions, with a raised border and central depression
Visceral
Symptoms range from: severe hepatosplenomegaly, irregular bouts of fever, hyperpigmented granulomatus areas on the skin, weight loss (Kala-Azar)
Mucocutaneous
lesions can lead to partial or total destruction of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and throat cavities and surrounding tissues
Media attachments
Skin Layers (binary/octet-stream)
11222333 (binary/octet-stream)
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