ESL Teaching Methods

SIOP
1. Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) is a teaching method that provides language instruction and language support in the core subject classrooms. The core subjects create an umbrella (i.e., a shelter) under which language instruction and learning can occur. By taking place in the content classroom, language learning is already contextualized within a meaningful context. Additionally, SIOP prescribes a specific preparatory guideline for teachers to ensure that student needs are being met.
2. The main application of Sheltered Instruction is in the mainstream content classroom. Many emergent bilinguals struggle with content language, even if the main difficulty they experience is understanding main concepts. Sheltered Instruction aides students in acquiring language paired with the content; therefore, they are better equipped to excel in their classroom. If they are properly trained in implementing it, sheltered instruction also prepares content teachers to assist their emergent bilingual students in their language acquisition while simultaneously teaching their content area.
4. In terms of methodology, SI and ICB are nearly identical and offer students similar benefits. The primary difference is that ICB instruction is implemented by an ESL-certified teacher, whereas SI is implemented by a content-certified teacher.
5. CALLA and Sheltered Instruction both generally follow the scope and sequence of a core content course, but CALLA instruction is generally delivered by an ESL-certified teacher while SI is implemented by a core content-certified teacher.
ICB
1. Integrating content into language instruction is important and beneficial for both emergent bilingual students and ESL-certified teachers' instruction. When separated into a separate ESL classroom, integrating content into language instruction ensures that students are receiving the language support and being taught the skills they need while also providing a context and foundation for that instruction. Integrating content into the ESL classroom allows students to build their knowledge in their second language.
2. Integrated Content Based language instruction occurs in a typical ESL classroom. Whereas more "traditional" ESL classroom will rely on examples and grammar-based instruction that is isolated from a meaningful context, ICB instruction incorporates content from various subject areas, thus providing a meaningful context for instruction and learning.
CALLA
1. ICB and CALLA are both implemented by ESL-certified teachers. However, CALLA follows the scope and sequence of content courses while ICB merely incorporates select content from content areas.
4. CALLA, the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach, is designed for teaching academic language and vocabulary to emergent bilingual students. This model primarily focuses on core content area, teaching learning strategies, and building academic language. This model is based on cognitive theory, and encourages students to make connections between what they are learning and what they already know. Additionally, CALLA instruction is rooted in content standards.
5. CALLA has application in the content classroom. The main advantage of it over ICB or SIOP appears to be that it incorporates direct teaching of learning strategies. This helps students develop metacognitive awareness of their language learning. Moreover, it is equally a language and content area teaching method, which means that one is not brought to forefront more than the others. This method is best applied when an ESL-certified teacher is also a content-area certified teacher. This provides students with the most meaningful language instruction while also making content accessible to them.

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ESL Teaching Methods

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	Created by Jacob Reed over 5 years ago