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wrong Approaches & Methods for ESL

CALLA
1. Cognitive Social Models of Learning
  1. Cooperative Learning
    1. Key Focus: All students responsible for completing task within collaborative environment
    2. Allows opportunity for social language development
    3. Used in Preparation Phase of CALLA
    4. Identifiying prior knowledge
  2. Literacy Across the Curriculum
    1. Key Focus: incorporates literacy and content instruction into all subject areas
    2. used to be known as "Language Across the Curriculum"
    3. Language development should be a focus of ALL subject teachers
    4. Language Domains: Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing
  3. Balanced Reading Approach
    1. Key Focus: Tailors reading instructions to fit student needs (according to how they best respond)
    2. Example: Whole language learning vs. Phonics
    3. Balance by incorporating reading passages along with writing prompts
  4. Process Writing
    1. Key Focus: Teach students writing process. 1.Planning/Thinking 2.Reflection 3.Revision
    2. Teachers model and create classroom environment to embody "writing workshop"
    3. Writing incorporated into all subjects
  5. Language Experience Approach
    1. Key Focus: Connecting background knowledge and prior experiences to newly taught ideas
    2. One example is where the teacher writes down student recalls of experiences and the students reviews (reads) later
    3. Elicits Literacy Development
  6. Inquiry Approach
    1. Key Focus: Gains meaning from experiences
    2. Higher-ordered thinking skills fostered by teacher
    3. Planned with activities to guide students through inquiry/learning cycle
    4. Learner-centered and builds on prior knowledge
  7. Standards-Based Instruction
    1. Key Focus: Teaching according to national standards (both academic and ESL)
    2. ESL Standards are a great outline for CALLA
Content- Based Instruction
1. Knowledge-based, procedural, motivation oriented, learning strategy focus
2. Teaching Content:
  1. 1. Content Objectives
    1. Communicate with students to know what to expect and provide overview for unit
  2. 2. Prior Knowledge
    1. link new information to old knowledge and prior expectations
    2. Empower students to make own connections
  3. 3. Experimental Learning
    1. Teach content as experiences and not facts
  4. 4. Multiple Intelligences
    1. 8 categories of learning ( linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, interpersonal, and naturalistic)
    2. Combine these for prime learning opportunities
  5. 5. Technical Vocabulary
    1. Incorporate vocabulary that has meaning behind it
  6. 6. Questioning
    1. Teachers model and facilitate higher-order thinking
    2. 7. Teacher Monitoring
      1. Monitor content-comprehension (questions, checklists, performance scales)
  7. 8. Student monitoring
    1. Students taught how to monitor learning
    2. set learning goals
  8. 9. Graphic Organizers
    1. Schematic representation of information
    2. teach students how to use and why they are important
  9. 10. Learning Strategies
    1. Teachers teach learning strategies explicitly to elicit better content and language learning
Teaching Academic Language
1. Provide students with models in the classroom.
2. Encourage Language Awareness
  1. All language have different categories within language. Allow students to make those connections regarding their own language.
3. Academic Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing
  1. Incorporate Language Domains into lessons
4. Thinking Skills
  1. Elicit higher order thinking
5. Learning Strategies
  1. Explicitly teach learning strategies for academic language

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wrong Approaches & Methods for ESL

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	Created by Stephanie Williams over 5 years ago