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1771520
Adaptive Immunity (Lecture 16)
Description
University Microbiology 549 Mind Map on Adaptive Immunity (Lecture 16), created by GraceEChem on 09/12/2014.
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adaptive immunity
immunity
microbiology
bio549
lecture 16
microbiology 549
university
Mind Map by
GraceEChem
, updated more than 1 year ago
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GraceEChem
almost 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Adaptive Immunity (Lecture 16)
MHC & Antigen Processing
CLASS I
Endogenous antigen binding
From proteosome degredation
Present antigen to CD8+ T-cells
In cytoplasm
CLASS II
Exogenous antigen binding
From phagocytosed bacteria
Outside the cell
Present antigen to CD4+ T-cells
Cluster of Differentiation Molecules (CDs)
Used to identify/differentiate
T-Cells
Major in B-cell activation
T-Cell Receptors (TCRs)
Requires specific antigen to bind
Antigen presentation bridging MHC CLASS II on Antigen Presenting Cell (APC) to TCR on the T-cell
Initiates 1st signaling
MHC I w/CD8
MHC II w/CD4
2nd signal needed for lymphocute proliferation/differentiation/expression for cytokine genes
Naive T-cells until matured by antigen-presentation activation
Proliferate
CD4 T-helpers
CD8 Cytotoxic
CD4 T Helper Cells
Activated by antigen-presentation w/MHC II
Th2 help B-cells produce antibodies
Produce specific cytokines
Stimulate antibody responses, defend against helminth parasites
Worms, tapeworms
Allergic reactions
Th1 cells promote cytotoxic activity
Secrete enzymes for lysis & activate macrophages
Mediate inflammation
Cytotoxic T-Cells
CD8+ T-cells
Activated by APC on MHC I
Kill target cells w/same antigen-MHC I combo of original activator
Via perforin pathway
B-Cells
Must be activated by specific antigen
Replicate/differentiate into plasma cells (secrete antibodies)
Two mechanisms
T-dependent
More effective for neutraliz. infection & more specific
Reqs. 2 signals for activation
Antigen-BCR specific int.
Activated Th2 binds B-cell-presented antigent, secretes B-cell growth factors
B-cell differenti. into plasma & memory cells
T-independent
Large identical epitopes (like LPS)
Less effective
Antibodies have low affinity for antigen
No memory B-cells
Immunoglobulic Receptors (specific)
When assoc w/other proteins: B-cell receptors (BCRs)
Antibodies
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