20381369
Description
Mind Map by Neil Tripathi, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Neil Tripathi
over 4 years ago
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Algorithms
- An algorithm is a sequence of
steps that can be followed to
complete a task.
- Computational Thinking
- Abstraction
- Removing unnecessary details from a problem in order to solve it.
- Climate change models, financial
models, population models,
queuing models...
- Separates the "logical" from the "physical".
- Removing unnecessary details from a problem in order to solve it.
- Decomposition
- Breaking down a
problem into smaller,
simpler stages. This
makes it much easier to
solve.
- Each part is itself
a small,
manageable
subproblem.
- Breaking down a
problem into smaller,
simpler stages. This
makes it much easier to
solve.
- Algorithmic Thinking
- A working algorithm will always finish and return an answer or perform the task it was supposed to.
- Pseudocode/Flow Diagrams
- Outlines the programming constructs but doesn't rely on any specific language syntax.
- Outlines the programming constructs but doesn't rely on any specific language syntax.
- A working algorithm will always finish and return an answer or perform the task it was supposed to.
- Abstraction
- Searching Algorithms
- Linear Search
- Starts at the beginning of a list,
and looks at every single item until
found.
- You could be lucky and find the
item quickly if near the
beginning, and vice versa.
- Starts at the beginning of a list,
and looks at every single item until
found.
- Binary Search
- List must be sorted
- Much more efficient.
- Repeatedly divided in
half the portion of the
list that could contain
the item.
- List must be sorted
- Linear Search
- Sorting Algorithms
- Binary search needs to be sorted first.
- Bubble Sort
- Repeatedly going through the list, comparing each pair of adjacent elements.
- If elements are in the wrong order, they are swapped.
- If elements are in the wrong order, they are swapped.
- Slowest
- Repeatedly going through the list, comparing each pair of adjacent elements.
- Insertion Sort
- One piece of data at a time. One data is
taken and placed in the correct location.
- On each pass, the current data item is checked
against those already in the sorted list. If the item
is smaller, the sorted list is shifted to the right.
- On each pass, the current data item is checked
against those already in the sorted list. If the item
is smaller, the sorted list is shifted to the right.
- More efficient than bubble,
less than merge.
- One piece of data at a time. One data is
taken and placed in the correct location.
- Merge Sort
- The list is successively divided in half, until the remaining lists are 1 element long.
- Each pair of sublists is compared and merged, forming a new
sublist. This sublist once again compares and merges...etc.
- Each pair of sublists is compared and merged, forming a new
sublist. This sublist once again compares and merges...etc.
- Fastest
- The list is successively divided in half, until the remaining lists are 1 element long.
- Binary search needs to be sorted first.
- Pseudocode
- Iteration
- Looping or repeating. For, While, (sometimes also Repeat) loops.
- Looping or repeating. For, While, (sometimes also Repeat) loops.
- Selection
- If...else statements. Selecting which path of an algorithm to execute depending on some criteria.
- If...else statements. Selecting which path of an algorithm to execute depending on some criteria.
- Sequence
- Writing the steps down in the order they need to happen.
- Writing the steps down in the order they need to happen.
- Iteration
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