2295993
Description
Mind Map by Rebecca McNaughton, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Rebecca McNaughton
over 9 years ago
|
|
Reproduction,
Fertility and
Contraception
- Contraception
- Mechanical
- Condom
- Acts as a barrier to
prevent sperm
entering the
woman
- Easily obtained and also protects against STD's
- Unreliable if not used properly
- Easily obtained and also protects against STD's
- Acts as a barrier to
prevent sperm
entering the
woman
- Condom
- Chemical
- Contraceptive pill
- Taken regularly by the
woman and prevents the
ovaries from releasing eggs
by changing hormone levels
- Very reliable
- Side effects like weight
gain and can increase
the risk of blood clots
- Very reliable
- Taken regularly by the
woman and prevents the
ovaries from releasing eggs
by changing hormone levels
- Contraceptive pill
- Surgical
- Vasectomy
- Cutting of sperm
tubes preventing
sperm from
entering penis
- Cutting of sperm
tubes preventing
sperm from
entering penis
- Female sterilisation
- Cutting of the oviduct
preventing the ova
from moving through
the oviduct and being
fertilised
- Irreversible
- !00% reliable
- Irreversible
- Cutting of the oviduct
preventing the ova
from moving through
the oviduct and being
fertilised
- Vasectomy
- Natural
- Avoid having sex around
the time when the woman
releases an ovum each
month
- Avoid having sex around
the time when the woman
releases an ovum each
month
- Mechanical
- The sperm and eggs
- Sperm is much
smaller than the egg
and has the adaption
of a tail for ease of
mobility new sperm is
produced continually,
the eggs are in the
female system from
birth but aren't
released until puberty
- These gametes
are formed by
meosis
- The gametes have
the haploid number
(23 chromosomes)
- The gametes have
the haploid number
(23 chromosomes)
- Sperm is
the male sex
cell it is
produced in
the testes
- Sperm is
produced under
the influence of
the hormone
testosterone
- Sperm is
produced under
the influence of
the hormone
testosterone
- Eggs the female
sex cell are
produced in the
ovaries
- Eggs are produced under
the influence of oestrogen
- Eggs are produced under
the influence of oestrogen
- Sperm is much
smaller than the egg
and has the adaption
of a tail for ease of
mobility new sperm is
produced continually,
the eggs are in the
female system from
birth but aren't
released until puberty
- Fertilisation,
pregnancy &
development of
the baby
- The production of new living organisms by
combining genetic information from two
individuals of different sexes
- The sperm and eggs meet and fuse in
an oviduct, restoring the diploid number.
the fertilized egg becomes the first cell
- This cell then divides by mitosis and
grows into a ball of cells as it travels
down the oviduct, the ball of cells becomes
an embryo which implants itself into the
wall of the uterus
- The uterus develops a thick lining that holds and nourishes the embryo. The placenta and umbilical cord
also form. A protective membrane, the amniotic sac, it contains amniotic fluid, within which the growing
embryo develops. This cushions the delicate developing embryo
- The uterus develops a thick lining that holds and nourishes the embryo. The placenta and umbilical cord
also form. A protective membrane, the amniotic sac, it contains amniotic fluid, within which the growing
embryo develops. This cushions the delicate developing embryo
- This cell then divides by mitosis and
grows into a ball of cells as it travels
down the oviduct, the ball of cells becomes
an embryo which implants itself into the
wall of the uterus
- The baby cannot breathe in the
amniotic fluid so during pregnancy
useful materials like oxygen and
glucose pass from the mother.
Waste excretory materials pass
from the foetus back to the mother
- The boundary
between
maternal blood
and foetal blood
- The systems are not joined but are close
together and separated by thin membranes
to allow diffusion of gases and nutrients.
the large surface area between the uterus
wall and the placenta helps diffusion of
materials between mother and foetus
- The systems are not joined but are close
together and separated by thin membranes
to allow diffusion of gases and nutrients.
the large surface area between the uterus
wall and the placenta helps diffusion of
materials between mother and foetus
- Umbilical cord
- umbilical artery:
carries urea,
carbon dioxide
and other wastes
back to the
mother
- umbilical vein:
carries oxygen,
glucose, amino acids
and other nutrients
from the mother to
the foetus
- umbilical artery:
carries urea,
carbon dioxide
and other wastes
back to the
mother
- Placenta
- Very rich in maternal
blood vessels;
mother's blood is rich
in oxygen and other
nutruents
- Very rich in maternal
blood vessels;
mother's blood is rich
in oxygen and other
nutruents
- The boundary
between
maternal blood
and foetal blood
- The production of new living organisms by
combining genetic information from two
individuals of different sexes
- Puberty
- Males
- Facial and body hair
- Pubic hair grows
- Body
becomes
more
muscular
- Voice deepens
- Genitals
enlarge
- Sexual
awareness
and drive
increase
- Facial and body hair
- Females
- Pubic
hair
gorws
- Hair grows in armpits
- Sexual
organs
enlarge
- Breasts develop
- Pelvis and hips widen
- Menstruation begins
- Sexual
awareness
and drive
increase
- Pubic
hair
gorws
- Males
- Menstruation
- Occurs in females from puberty until
the end of reproductive life, the
purpose of the menstrual cycle is to
prepare the reproductive system for
pregnancy by controlling the monthly
release of an egg and renewing and
replacing the uterine lining.
- The cycle is controlled by female
hormones. the cycle is usually 28
days long. the cycle begins with
menstruation days 1-5, this is when
the blood-rich uterine lining breaks
down and is passed out of the body.
- The uterine lining repairs itself & builds up again in
preparation for if implantation occurs days 6-13
- Day 14 is ovulation -
an egg is released, by
this time the lining
has been fully
repaired and ready
for pregnancy, if
implantation and
pregnancy occur an
embryo will start to
develop and a
placenta forms, if not
the uterine wall
continues to thicken
until day 28
- Day 14 is ovulation -
an egg is released, by
this time the lining
has been fully
repaired and ready
for pregnancy, if
implantation and
pregnancy occur an
embryo will start to
develop and a
placenta forms, if not
the uterine wall
continues to thicken
until day 28
- The uterine lining repairs itself & builds up again in
preparation for if implantation occurs days 6-13
- The cycle is controlled by female
hormones. the cycle is usually 28
days long. the cycle begins with
menstruation days 1-5, this is when
the blood-rich uterine lining breaks
down and is passed out of the body.
- Occurs in females from puberty until
the end of reproductive life, the
purpose of the menstrual cycle is to
prepare the reproductive system for
pregnancy by controlling the monthly
release of an egg and renewing and
replacing the uterine lining.
- Fertility Problems
- Treatments
- Fertility Drugs
- These are given to
the woman to
increase the
production of eggs
- These are given to
the woman to
increase the
production of eggs
- In vitro fertilisation
- The woman is given
fertility drugs and
eggs are then
collected from her
ovaries surgically.
sperm is donated and
the sperm and the
eggs are mixed in the
laboratory. successful
embryos are placed
into the mother's
uterus in hope that
the embryo will
implant itself in to
the uterine lining
- The woman is given
fertility drugs and
eggs are then
collected from her
ovaries surgically.
sperm is donated and
the sperm and the
eggs are mixed in the
laboratory. successful
embryos are placed
into the mother's
uterus in hope that
the embryo will
implant itself in to
the uterine lining
- Fertility Drugs
- Reasons
for fertility
problems
- Failure
of ovary
to
produce
eggs
- Oviducts may
be
blocked/twisted
- STD's
- Uterus lining doesn't form
- Vagina
hostile
to
sperm
- Low sperm count
/ unhealthy sperm
- Impotence
/ erectile
disfunction
- Failure
of ovary
to
produce
eggs
- Treatments
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