Classification, Variation & Inheritance

B1.1 Classification
1. classification groups
  1. 1. kingdom
  2. 2. phylum
  3. 3. class
  4. 4. order
  5. 5. family
  6. 6. genus
  7. 7. species
2. five kingdoms
  1. animalia
    1. multicellular
    2. no cell walls/chlorophyll
    3. heterotrophic
  2. plantae
    1. multicellular
    2. cell walls+chlorophyll
    3. autotrophic
  3. fungi
    1. multicellular
    2. cell walls+no chlorophyll
    3. saprophytic
  4. protocista
    1. unicellular
    2. nucleus in cell
  5. prokaryotae
    1. unicellular
    2. mostly bacteria
    3. no nucleus
  6. viruses
    1. not living
      1. host cells to reproduce
      2. no other life processes
B1.2 Vertebrates&Invertebrates
1. chordata
  1. phylum
    1. containing animals with supporting rod
      1. that runs length of body
  2. many=vertebrates
    1. animals with backbones
2. vertebrate groups
  1. classiffied by..
    1. oxygen absortion
      1. gills
      2. lungs
      3. skin
  2. reproduction
    1. viviparous - young born live
    2. oviparous - lay eggs
  3. fertilisation
    1. internal
    2. external
  4. thermoregulation
    1. homeotherms
      1. control body temp
    2. poikilotherm
      1. body temp varies with environemt
B1.3 Species
1. species
  1. group of organisms that breed to produce fertile offspring
  2. some can interbreed to produce hybrids
2. validating evidence
  1. scientific journals
  2. peer reviewing
  3. conferences
3. binomial names
  1. know exactly what species you mean
  2. see which species are closely related
  3. identify areas of low biodiversity
4. difficulties
  1. hybridisation in ducks
  2. ring species
B1.4 Variation
1. classification complications
  1. caused by variation in a species
B1.6 Reasons for Variety
1. types
  1. continous-values can be any no. within a range
  2. discontinous-fixed set of values
2. causes
  1. genetic-due to mutation/reproduction
  2. environmental-due to environment
    1. acquired characteristic-changed by environment
3. examples
  1. deep sea hydrothermal vent organisms
  2. polar organisms
B1.7 Evolution
1. natural selection
  1. 1.variation
  2. 2.overproduction
  3. 3.struggle for existance
  4. 4.survival
  5. 5.advantageous characteristic inherited
  6. 6.gradual change
2. speciation
  1. by geographical isolation
3. evidence
  1. resistant bacteria
  2. shared DNA
B1.8 Genes
1. nucleus
  1. contains chromosomes
    1. which is where genes are
2. alelles
  1. different kind of the same gene
    1. causes different characteristics
B1.9 Explaining Inheritance
1. definitions
  1. dominant
    1. allele that'll always have effect
  2. recessive
    1. allele that'll only have effect if both=recessive
  3. homozygous
    1. both alleles are same
  4. heterozygous
    1. both alleles are different
  5. phenotype
    1. characteristics caused by alleles
  6. genotype
    1. alleles for a characterisitic
B1.10 Genetic Disorders
1. sickle cell
  1. short of breath+tire easily
  2. painful joints - if red blood cells get stuck in capillaries
  3. blocked blood vessels
    1. stroke, heart attack + death
2. cystic fibrosis
  1. higher chance of lung infection
  2. prevent enzymes getting into digestive system to break down food
    1. weight loss

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Classification, Variation & Inheritance

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	Created by larissa.hayden08 almost 10 years ago