Organic Substances in Cells

Carbohydrates
1. carbon + hydrogen + oxygen
2. 3 groups
  1. monosaccharides
    1. simple carbohydrates
    2. glucose, fructose, galactose
    3. single units
  2. disaccharaides
    1. lactose, maltose, sucrose
    2. simple carbohydrates
    3. 2 units
  3. polysaccharides
    1. complex carbohydrates
    2. starch, cellulose, glycogen
    3. multiple units
3. source of energy
4. broken down to glucose
5. stored as fat if not used
Lipids
1. carbon + hydrogen + oxygen
2. fats, oils, waxes, steroids
3. found in cell membranes
4. used to store energy
Proteins
1. hydrogen + carbon + oxygen + nitrogen
2. growth & repair
3. form part of substances in body e.g. enzymes, blood
4. built from amino acids
  1. linked by peptide bonds
5. determine structure & function of cells
Nucleic acids
1. hereditary material
2. contain nucleotides
  1. sugar
  2. phosphate
  3. base
    1. A+T
    2. G+C
3. RNA - single strand of nucleotides
  1. found throughout cell
  2. manufacture of proteins
4. DNA - double strand of nucleotides
  1. found in chromosomes

Resource summary

	Created by rigbya2016 almost 10 years ago