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New Testament Religious Parties
Description
Detailed summaries of the main Religious Parties present around the time of Jesus
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new testament
religious parties
essenes
zealots
pharisees
sadducees
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Mind Map by
daniel-maurice
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
daniel-maurice
over 9 years ago
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Resource summary
New Testament Religious Parties
Joseph. wrote about all of them
Was a Pha.
Therefore biased
PHARISEES
Name meant 'separate one'
Strict observers of the Law
Ezra (Pha) redefined Judaism after Exile (Ezra7:10)
Schaper thinks this is a myth
Thinks they developed in the Hellenistic period
People had more time to think and question religious authorities
Responsible for synagogue movement
Sought to be pure and holy in everyday life
Try to obey every Law entirely
Concentrated with spiritual purity
Associated with clean people
They did not insist everyone should follow purity Laws
Mishnah states that grapes from a graveyard were unclean
If done, then the harvest would be impure
Leviticus 19:2 : ‘You shall be holy, for I the Lord your God am holy’
However purity may have been a reaction against R.Occ
If they stuck to religious Laws it shows them being unaffected by R.Rule
Or if they clung to religious Laws then G would drive the R. out!
Had an extra 'Oral Law'
Provided commentary on OT
Saw it as a guide to everyday living
ESSENES
Hardly referenced to before the DSS
Began in 152BCE
Appointed their own HP
2 TYPES OF ESSENES
Lived in towns
Completely split from society
Gave all their possessions away
Celibate
Monk-like
Lived on the shore of the DSea
Only ever 200 at a time
Were not Celibate
Believed 'the end is nigh'
Believed that G would appoint them as people of G and destroy their enemies
Saw themselves as true Israel
They were 'sons of light'
Other Jews were 'sons of darkness'
'Bathe themselves in cold water...' - Joseph.
OBSESSED with purity
Extended rituals to everyday life
Bathed twice a day, before every meal
NO WINE - forbidden in the Temple
Purity was a ‘badge of membership’ NT Wright
NO FREE WILL
Believed in predestination
However members were seen as volunteers
2 Messiahs
Messiah of Israel
Warrior
Messiah of Aaron
Priestly
No mention of Israel
Eternal life for themselves
Damnation for others
Rejected the Temple
The Sadd. had corrupted it
The community functioned as a Temple
Worship acted as sacrifice
HOWEVER THIS WAS TEMP
When their enemies were defeated G would create a new Temple
Would be the size of Israel
It would be made from Gold and Jewels
They even had a blueprint
The Law
Enforced Sabbath Laws (Law of Moses)
No work or talk of work on Sabbath
Servants could not carry your children
No perfume
Influence?
Had none, and didn't want any
SADDUCEES
ZEALOTS
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