2860955
Description
Mind Map by ellie_brookes199, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ellie_brookes199
over 9 years ago
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Narcolepsy
- SYMPTOMS
- EXTREME DAYTIME
SLEEPINESS
- CATAPLEXY - sudden
unexpected loss of muscle
tone whilst awake which
can lead to immediate
collapse
- HYPNAGOGIC
HALLUCINATIONS - Dream
like experiences that occur
during wakefulness
- SLEEP PARALYSIS -
inability to move
occurring when falling
asleep or waking up
- EXTREME DAYTIME
SLEEPINESS
- NEURAL ABNORMALITIES
- Cells in hypothalamus secrete
a NT Hypocretin (orexin).
Orexin regulates sleep wake
states, feeding behaviour and
reward processes
- Orexin system interacts with
systems controlling emotion,
reward & energy levels.
- Hypothalamus damage leads
to reduced orexin
- analysing CSF in narco, 90% had
low orexin levels almost
undetectable.
- analysing CSF in narco, 90% had
low orexin levels almost
undetectable.
- Orexin system interacts with
systems controlling emotion,
reward & energy levels.
- DEMENT - disabled
orexin production in
mice. Mice that
couldn't make Hcrt
developed narco like
symptoms like
cataplexy
- SCAMMELL ET AL - 23 yr old male,
narco after hyp damage. Low orexin
levels in CSF
- ARII ET AL - 16 yr old female, hyp damage after
surgery to remove tumour. Developed narco &
had reduced orexin levels in CSF
- Methodological Issues -
CASE STUDIES, rare brain
damage. Not all narco have
hyp damage. Not
generalisable to all narco.
- ARII ET AL - 16 yr old female, hyp damage after
surgery to remove tumour. Developed narco &
had reduced orexin levels in CSF
- ANIMAL RESEARCH
- humans neural
mechanisms more
complex, narco
more likely to be
effected by stress
and increased REM
sleep.
- Cells in hypothalamus secrete
a NT Hypocretin (orexin).
Orexin regulates sleep wake
states, feeding behaviour and
reward processes
- GENETIC ABNORMALITIES
- Suggested result of
mutated gene called
HYPOCRETIN
RECEPTOR 2. Dogs bred
to inherit gene develop
disorder. Failed to
show same in humans.
- HLA GENE: 90% of narco sufferers inherit
defective version of HLA gene know as
DQB1*05. The HLA gene is found on surface of
WBC & has a role in recognising and destroying
foreign antigens.
- Narco occurs when DQB1*05
destroys body's own Hcrt cells as an
autoimmune response.
- Narco occurs when DQB1*05
destroys body's own Hcrt cells as an
autoimmune response.
- GORDON ET AL - injected mice
with antibodies from blood of 9
narcos resulting in narco - like
symptoms. When injected with
antibodies of normal blood, no
effect.
- MIGNOT - twin study, 16 pairs of MZ
twins, 4 pairs concordant for disorder
(25%). MZ genetically identical so expect
higher concordance rate.
- REDUCTIONIST -
interactionist approach
more valid. HLADQB1*05
inherited but then
triggered into action by
external event causing
narco such as infection,
brain injury, diet & stress.
- Suggested result of
mutated gene called
HYPOCRETIN
RECEPTOR 2. Dogs bred
to inherit gene develop
disorder. Failed to
show same in humans.
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