2866722
Description
Mind Map by Bailey Samples, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bailey Samples
over 9 years ago
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Second Language Acquisition
- Input
Hypothesis
- Stephen Krashen
- Comprehensible Input (Understanding
the message of what people say or
things that we read) is how langue is
acquired
- Classroom Application: Taking to
teach students the meaning of
words rather than "repeat after
me" tactics or constantly teaching
them word repeatedly
- Stephen Krashen
- Basic Interpersonal
Communicative Skills (BICS)
- Jim Cummins
- The type of language that
children acquire during their early
years of life; native language; the
language that they come to school
communicating in
- Classroom: if possible,
allow students to
communicate/use their
native language within
the classroom
- Jim Cummins
- Cognitive Academic Language
Proficiency (CALPS)
- Jim Cummins
- Ability to interpret and produce
complex language of text (i.e. passive
voice, low frequency words)
- Classroom Application:
Focus on discrete language
skills during SLA
- Jim Cummins
- Universal Grammar
- Noah Chomsky
- All human language
rests on the innate
building blocks;
variations in
language result from
how the building
blocks are used
- Classroom Application: When teaching
a student a new language, start with
the similar building blocks between
english and their native language; focus
on similarities rather than differences
- Noah Chomsky
- Critical Period
Hypothesis:
- Language acquisition depends on a "critical
period" in which language must be attained.
After the period, it is remotely impossible for
language acquisition to occur
- Penfield, Roberts, Lennberg
- Classroom Application: Be aware
that a student learning a new
language is just as
difficult/equivalent to an adult
learning a new language.
- Language acquisition depends on a "critical
period" in which language must be attained.
After the period, it is remotely impossible for
language acquisition to occur
- Threshold Hypothesis:
- Jim Cummins
- A minimum threshold in
language proficiency must be
passed before learning a
second-language and receiving
benefits from the new
language
- Classroom Application:
Adapt focus/lesson to
proficiency and fluency in
native language before
requiring SLA
- Jim Cummins
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