Duguit suggests command suggesting superior to inferior
does not cover modern legislation as it is directed towards
the state rather than the individual
an expression by words or other means
defines law as a brutal and naked force
this gives the perception of strictness due to Austin s background
Laissez faire theory predominance maintained the presence of
law primarily dealing with criminals
time spent in th army during the growth of imperialism
Austin however believes in educated
guidance as explained by Wayne Morrison
as a plea for professionalism
also influenced by the educated leaders he came across in Germany.
A mere inability to appreciate that Austin
recognised that this was a political criticism
directed at a legal theory.
Has not sufficiently explored its meanings as Hart suggests to encompass its actual meaning
Since law emanates from the ever changing multitude which comprises the
political machinery of the state it cannot be treated as the command of one person