Acetabulum with its edge and the acetabular
notch, ischium and sacroiliac recess, posterior
part
Posteior
Sacral promontory
Division
This division is made by the oblique plane of the
superior opening of the pelvis that is surrounded
and defined by a osseous edge
Mayor Pelvis
It includes both iliac fossae and wings of the sacrum. Lined by
the iliopsoas muscle, it constitutes one of the walls of the
abdominal cavity
Menor Pelvis
It is the pelvic excavation and it has 4 walls
Antero-inferior
Lateral
Postero-superior
The pelvic bone is made up of three bones:
the right and left coxal bones and sacrum
the coxal bones are two large bones,
irregularly shaped, formed by a 3 bone union
Ilion: Is the top, flattened, fan-shape part of the
hip bone. The wing of the ilium is the fan-shaped
part and the body is the handle. It´s external
face forms the upper part of the acetabulum.
Iliac crest: Is the edge of the wing
that has curves between the wing
called: anterior superior and
posterosuperior iliac spines
The front part of the wing is concave and forms the
iliac fossa. At the posterior part is the sacropelvic face
of the ilium that presents an articular joint and iliac
tuberosity
Ischium: It has a body that forms the posterior portion of the
acetabular and a branch that forms part of the obturator foramen.
It also has a great posterioinferior protuberance and a small
pointed projection called spina cietica
The concavity located between the tuberosity ischial and the sciatic
spine is the menor sciatic notch and the larger concavity is the
greater sciatic notch.
Pubis: Is an angled bone comform by the superior
pubic ramus, which makes part of the anterior
portion of the acetabulum and on its lateral side has
a pectineal crest and a lower pubic branch which is
part the inferior limit of the obturator hole.
In the front part there is a thickening that is
the crest of the pubis that ends as a tubercle
called spine of the pubis
Pubic arch: Formed by isquiopubian branches of
both sides that join in the sínfsis and define the
subpubiano angle with their inferior edges.
Pelvis openings
Superior opening: Limited by the promontory (posterior), the
ala of the sacrum (lateral), the arcuate line and the iliopubic
eminence (lateral), pectinate crest, superior edge of the pubis
and pubis´s symphysis (superior).
Diameters
Anatomic conjugate
From the promontory to the superior edge of the pubis´s
symphysis
Measures: 11cm
Real conjugate
From the promontory to the posterior edge of the pubis´s
symphysis
Measures: 10,5 cm
Maximum transverse
Intercept of the the union of the 2/3 superior with the
posterior third of the pelvis.
Measures: 13,5 cm
Transverse
From the promontory and the pubic symphysis, perpendicular
to the conjugate diameter.
Measures: 12,5 a 13 cm
Oblique
Right and left: From the iliopubic
eminecia to the sacroiliac joint.
Measures: 12,5 cm
Inferior opening: Limited by the pubic arc (anterior), the ischial
tuberosities in the inferior edge of the ligament sacrotuberous (laterals)
and the end of coccyx (posterior)
Diameters
Antero-posterior
From the pubis to the coccix
Measures: 10 cm
Tranverse
From the ischial tuberosity left to the right
Measures: 12 cm
Maximum oblique
From the lower branch of the pubic bone and the
ligament sacrotuberous
Measures: 12 cm
Male´s pelvis and femele´s pelvis
differ mainly because of the
heavier complexion and the larger
muscles in the majority of men
and by the adaption of the
women´s pelvis for the delivery.
Pelvic joints
Sacroiliac joint: Anterior synovial joint, between the sacrum and
ilium articular sufaces and a posterior syndesmosis enters the
tuberosities of the same bones. Join the axial and appendicular
skeleton and has types of thin ligaments: sacroiliac ligaments
anteriors and posteiors, sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
Symphysis pubis: Secondary cartilaginous joint
formed by a interpubic disk that is generally
wider in women, and the upper and lower pubis
ligaments are the ones that link the bodies of
both pubis in the median plane
Lumbosacral joints : The articulation between L5
and S1 vertebrae by an intervertebral disc and
cigapofisiaria joints. This joints are reinforced by the
iliolumbar ligaments.
Sacrococcygeal joint : secondary cartilage joint intervertebrall with a
intervertebrall disk ( fibrocartilage ) . the anterior and posterior
sacrococcygeal ligaments are the ones that reinforce the joint