3610663
Description
Mind Map by skylineturbo96, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by skylineturbo96
about 9 years ago
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Internal Structures of Prokaryotes
- Cytoplasm
- is a gel-like, yet fluid, substance in which all of the
other cellular components are suspended. It is very
similar to the eukaryotic cytoplasm, except that it does
not contain organelles
- Recently, biologists have discovered that prokaryotic cells have a
complex and functional cytoskeleton similar to that seen in eukaryotic
cells. The cytoskeleton helps prokaryotic cells divide and helps the cell
maintain its plump, round shape
- is a gel-like, yet fluid, substance in which all of the
other cellular components are suspended. It is very
similar to the eukaryotic cytoplasm, except that it does
not contain organelles
- Ribosome
- are smaller and have a slightly different shape and
composition than those found in eukaryotic cells.
- Bacterial ribosomes, for instance, have about half of the amount of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and one
third fewer ribosomal proteins (53 vs. ~83) than eukaryotic ribosomes have
- Just like in eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic ribosomes build
proteins by translating messages sent from DNA.
- are smaller and have a slightly different shape and
composition than those found in eukaryotic cells.
- Nucleoid
- is an irregularly-shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic
material, called genophore. All the genetic material are in the form of DNA and RNA. In contrast to
the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, it is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane
- In addition to a single large piece of chromosomal DNA, many prokaryotic
cells also contain small pieces of DNA called plasmids. These circular rings
of DNA are replicated independently of the chromosome and can be
transferred from one prokaryotic cell to another through pili, which are
small projections of the cell membrane that can form physical channels
with the pili of adjacent cells.
- is an irregularly-shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic
material, called genophore. All the genetic material are in the form of DNA and RNA. In contrast to
the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, it is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane
- Inclusions
- nonliving components of the cell that do
not possess metabolic activity and are not
bounded by membranes
- may or may not be
present in a cell,
depending on the cell
type
- Examples:
- Glycogen
- is an important energy source of the cell
- is an important energy source of the cell
- Lipids
- are triglycerides and serve as a local store of energy and a potential source of short carbon chains
- are triglycerides and serve as a local store of energy and a potential source of short carbon chains
- Crystals
- crystalline forms of certain proteins which is located everywhere in the cell such as in nucleus, n etc
- crystalline forms of certain proteins which is located everywhere in the cell such as in nucleus, n etc
- Pigments
- Glycogen
- nonliving components of the cell that do
not possess metabolic activity and are not
bounded by membranes
- plasma membrane
- is responsible for controlling what gets into and out of the cell
- Prokaryotic cells can have multiple plasma membranes.
Prokaryotes known as "gram-negative bacteria," for example,
often have two plasma membranes with a space between them
known as the periplasm
- is responsible for controlling what gets into and out of the cell
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