HSC Biology: Blueprint of Life

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Mind Map on HSC Biology: Blueprint of Life, created by georgiaaalee_x on 30/09/2015.
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Mind Map by georgiaaalee_x, updated more than 1 year ago
georgiaaalee_x
Created by georgiaaalee_x about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

HSC Biology: Blueprint of Life
  1. Evidence of evolution
    1. evolution of plants and animals
      1. changes in physical conditions
        1. changes in chemical conditions
          1. competition for resources
          2. how the theory of evolution is supported
            1. palaeontology
              1. biogeography
                1. comparative anatomy
                  1. comparative embryology
                    1. biochemistry
                    2. Darwin/Wallace’s theory of evolution by natural selection
                      1. divergent evolution
                        1. convergent evolution
                      2. Gregor Mendel’s experiments
                        1. experiments carried out
                          1. experimental techniques led to his success
                            1. outcomes of monohybrid crosses involving simple dominance
                              1. homozygous and heterozygous genotypes
                                1. allele and gene
                                  1. dominant and recessive alleles and phenotype
                                    1. importance of Mendel’s work was not recognised until some time after it was published
                                    2. Inheritance
                                      1. Sutton and Boveri and the importance of chromosomes
                                        1. chemical nature of chromosomes and genes
                                          1. DNA is a double-stranded molecule twisted into a helix with each strand comprised of a sugar-phosphate backbone and attached bases – adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G) – connected to a complementary strand by pairing the bases, A-T and G-C
                                            1. relationship between the structure and behaviour of chromosomes during meiosis and the inheritance of genes
                                              1. role of gamete formation and sexual reproduction in variability of offspring
                                                1. inheritance of sex-linked genes, and alleles that exhibit co-dominance and do not produce simple Mendelian ratios
                                                  1. work of Morgan that led to the understanding of sex linkage
                                                    1. relationship between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes and the resulting phenotypes in co-domanance
                                                      1. environmental effects on the expression of a gene
                                                      2. DNA
                                                        1. process of DNA replication + significance
                                                          1. process by which DNA controls the production of polypeptides
                                                            1. relationship between proteins and polypeptides
                                                              1. mutations in DNA may lead to the generation of new alleles
                                                                1. evidence for the mutagenic nature of radiation
                                                                  1. source of variation in organisms has provided support for Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection
                                                                    1. concept of punctuated equilibrium in evolution + how it differs from the gradual process proposed by Darwin
                                                                    2. reproductive technologies and genetic engineering
                                                                      1. current reproductive techniques may alter the genetic composition of a population
                                                                        1. artificial insemination
                                                                          1. artificial pollination
                                                                            1. cloning
                                                                            2. processes used to produce transgenic species
                                                                              1. the potential impact of the use of reproduction technologies on the genetic diversity of species
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