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Cell Differentiation and Specialisation
- Animal
Cells
- Ciliated Cell
- Function: push mucus from one
place to the other
- Adaption: they're covered in small
moving hairs called cilia
- Function: push mucus from one
place to the other
- Red Blood Cell
- Function: transport oxygen from the lungs to body
tissues for aerobic respiration
- Adaption: Contains
haemoglobin, which
contains oxygen
- Adaption: doesn't contain a
nucleus, increasing the space for
haemoglobin
- Adaption: very flexible so they
can fit through blood vessels
- Function: transport oxygen from the lungs to body
tissues for aerobic respiration
- Sperm Cell
- Function: to fertilise an egg cell
- Adaption: a haploid nucleus, only containing half the
chromosomes of a diploid nucleus (the egg contains the other
half)
- Adaption: the acrosome contains digestive
enzymes to penetrate the egg cell
- Adaption: the middle piece contains lots of mitochondria for energy
- Adaption: the flagellum (tail) helps the sperm to swim
- Function: to fertilise an egg cell
- Ciliated Cell
- Plant
Cells
- Root Hair Cell
- Function: absorb
water and minerals
from soil
- Adaption: the extension (root hair)
provides a large surface area for
absorpsion
- Adaption: don't contain
chloroplasts
- Function: absorb
water and minerals
from soil
- Xylem Vessel
- Function: transport water
and support the cell
- Adaption: no cytoplasm or end walls so there's a
continuous tunnel for the water to pass through
- Adaption: the walls are strengthened by lignin, which
is tough and waterproof
- Function: transport water
and support the cell
- Root Hair Cell
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