429181
Description
Mind Map by andreaarose, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by andreaarose
almost 11 years ago
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Motor Functions
- Functions to move the body
- Parts of the motor system
- Motor cortex
- Neocortex
- Posterior cortex
- Specify movement
goals and send info to
the prefrontal cortex
- Specify movement
goals and send info to
the prefrontal cortex
- Prefrontal cortex
- Generates plans for movement
- Generates plans for movement
- Premotor cortex
- Recognizes movement of
others and selects similar
or different actions
- Recognizes movement of
others and selects similar
or different actions
- Primary motor cortex
- Executes movements
- Executes movements
- Posterior cortex
- Wilder Penfield
- Produced movement in
different areas of the body by
stimulating the precentral gyus
- 10+ homunculi in the
motor and premotor
cortices
- 10+ homunculi in the
motor and premotor
cortices
- Produced movement in
different areas of the body by
stimulating the precentral gyus
- Neocortex
- Basal ganglia
- Input from the cortex
- Motor cortex
- Limbic cortex
- Nigrostriatal dopamine pathway
- Output to the motor cortex
and substantia nigra
- Motor cortex
- Disorders
- Involuntary movements =
hyperkinetic symptoms
- Huntington's chorea
- Tourette's syndrome
- Related to damage to
the caudate putamen
- Results in tics and vocalizations
- Related to damage to
the caudate putamen
- Huntington's chorea
- Difficulty making movements
= hypokinetic symptoms
- Parkinson's disease
- Loss of dopamine cells in the
substantia nigra and their input
to the basal ganglia
- Results in muscular rigidity
and difficulty initiating and
performing movements
- Loss of dopamine cells in the
substantia nigra and their input
to the basal ganglia
- Parkinson's disease
- Involuntary movements =
hyperkinetic symptoms
- Movement force
- Projects to the
internal part of the
Globus pallidus (GPi)
- Excitatory
- Inhibitory
- GPi
- Projects to the thalamus
and the thalamus projects
to the cortex
- Influences the
thalamic projection
- If inhibited the thalamus will
excite the cortex
- Parkinson's disease
- Excessive activity of GPi
- Decreased movement
- Destruction or stimulation
of GPi is a treatment
- Excessive activity of GPi
- Projects to the thalamus
and the thalamus projects
to the cortex
- Excitatory
- Projects to the
internal part of the
Globus pallidus (GPi)
- Input from the cortex
- Cerebellum
- Participates in acquiring
and maintaining motor skills
- Divided into two hemispheres
- The flocculus, a small
lobe, projects from the
ventral surface
- Takes part in balance
- Takes part in balance
- Contains about 1/2 of
all the neurons in the
entire nervous system
- Motor learning
- Damage to the cerebellum
- A loss of timing in movement and perceptrion
- Problems with movement accuracy
- A loss of timing in movement and perceptrion
- Feedback circuit between the cortex
and cerebellum for movement
adjustment
- Damage to the cerebellum
- Participates in acquiring
and maintaining motor skills
- Spinal cord
- Motor neurons
- Brainstem
- Eating and drinking
- Sexual behaviour
- Ability to stand upright
- Coordinated limb movements
for swimming and walking
- Eating and drinking
- Motor cortex
- Mirror neurons
- Neurons that fire
when we see others
make a movement
- Encode a complete action
- Actions can be use to imitate
and understand other's actions
- Fill in the blanks when
part of a movement is
missing
- Neurons that fire
when we see others
make a movement
- Communicating with the spinal cord
- Corticobulbar tract
- Major projection from the
cortex to the brainstem
- Controls facial muscles,
and takes part in controlling
facial movements
- Major projection from the
cortex to the brainstem
- Corticospinal tract/pyramidal tract
- Major projection from the
cortex to the spinal cord
- Controls movement
of the limbs and body
- 95% of the fibers descending from each
hemisphere decussate in the brainstem,
producing two corticospinal tracts
- Major projection from the
cortex to the spinal cord
- Corticobulbar tract
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