The harness is used to kind of similar to a utility belt. You can hook in your bag of chalk, extra carabiners, and is also where you hook the climbing rope into.
ropes
carabiners
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Carabiners are used to clip into the knotted ropes or other spots to steady oneself in a certain area.
ATC
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An ATC is a belay device used to lock the rope while someone is climbing. These can be manual or automatic.
Rock climbing increases your arm, back, pectoral, and abdominal muscles better than any work out routine.
endurance
determination
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When you are determined to complete the challenge before you, the same mind set is applied through real-world settings. For example, challenges in school can be overwhelming. However, after accomplishing a new height, you begin to realize that if you can reach heights such as these you can do anything you set your mind to just by taking the time to do so.
Bouldering is when you don't need to use a harness, rope, or any other safety equipment. In order to better strengthen your arms and forearms, people boulder by climbing side to side on the wall or cliff face.