History of the Finch family, Maycomb, the
Radleys described. Main characters
introduced. (Scout/Jem/Atticus/Calpurnia)
'he played with us,
read to us, and
treated us with
courteous
detachment' (p11)
Scout's mother dies
when she was two and
Atticus does the job of
both parents.
Atticus is also breaking away from family tradition by
becoming a lawyer. He also believes to treat his black
housekeeper with respect and his children as
individuals.
Jem (9) and Scout (5) meet
Dill (6). Dill comes from
Mississippi every summer to
stay with his aunt Miss
Rachel Haveford.
His name-dill- is a herb
as he adds flavour and
excitement to the
events.
'we came to know Dill as a pocket
Merlin, whose head teemed with
eccentric plans, strange longings,
and quaint fancies.' p8
Although he is small, he
turns everything into
magic.
Jem, Scout and Dill
become fascinated
with the Radleys.
Boo has not left the house for 15
years since he got into trouble
with other teenage boys and
supposedly attacked his father
with scissors.
'malevolent phanotm' p9
'Mr Radley's boy was not seen again
for fifteen years' p10
Mr Radley had 'colourless
eyes which didn't reflect
light'
Light is a symbol for hope,
freedom and happiness.
'from the day Mr Radley took Arthur
home, people said the house died'
Jem gives a completely
hyperbolic description of
Boo.
'Boo was about six-and-a-half feet tall,
judging from his tracks; he dined on raw
squirrels and any cats he could catch,
that's why his hands were blood-stained -
if you ate an animal raw, you could never
wash the blood of. There was a long
kagged scar that ran across his face; what
teeth he had were yellow and rotten; his
eyes popped, and he drooled most of the
time.'
'The Radley Place was inhabited by an
unknown entity the mere description of
whom was enough to make us behave
for days on end' p7
Descriptions of Radley House: 1.
'sharp curve' 2.'once white' 3.
'darkened to the colour of slate-grey'
1. oxymoronic language- suggests something
strange and unusual 2. suggests the darkness of
the house and what is inside 3. this idea of
darkness links to Boo himself.
'droopy and sick' p16
They are surprised when Calpurnia
speaks badly of Mr Radley as she
doesn't usually comment on white
people's behaviour.
'the meanest man ever God blew breath into (Ch1 p18).
African-Americans had lower status in society so it would
have been considered out of place or even disrespectful
to comment on a white person.
Dill dares Jem to knock on the
Radley's door. Nothing happens but
they think they see an inside shutter
move.
We are introduced to the narrative voice
and perspective that will be used
throughout.
Scout is the fist person narrative as well as a participant in the story. Events
are recounted first hand, through a child's eyes. However, Scout is also
describing the events in retrospect so we see the story not only from a
chi;d's viewpoint but also from a more mature, adult perspective, offering
the benefits of hindsight.
Harper Lee gives us information to
understand how important family
background and characteristics are in this
society. This becomes significant in later
events.
'I maintain that the Ewells started it all,
but Jem, who was four years my senior,
said it started long before that.' p9
We are introduced to the theme of growing up
and childhood games- an important topic in
the first part of the novel.
'In all his life, Jem had never
declined a dare' p14
The Maycomb setting is established.
It is descirbed as a character (p11) as
'old' and 'tired', but also with hope (it
was a time of 'vague optimism'.
Reveals the small-town mentality and the
divisions and prejudices that exist in
Maycomb where there are different rules
for black and white people.
Introduces ideas of prejudice. We are
reminded of the recent history of
black slavery in Alabama. SImon
Finch, a family ancestor, bought three
slaves.
'Atticus was related by blood
or marriage to nearly every
family in the town' p5
people were 'unwilling to discard
initial suspicions' p9 prejudice
'nothing to buy and no money to
buy it' p6
They are feeling the
effects of the great
depression.
Harper Lee foreshadows
the future events.
'my brother Jem got his arm
badly broken at the elbow'