Chemistry

Classifying Materials
1. Density = Mass/Volume
2. State
  1. Gas
    1. Condenses to a L
  2. Liquid
    1. Evaporates to a G
    2. Freezes to a S
  3. Solid
    1. Melts to a L
    2. Sublimates to a G
Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
1. Elements are made up of only one type of atom
  1. Periodic Table
    1. Groups go down
    2. Periods go side to side
    3. Symbols, eg. C, O, Mg
2. Elements chemically react with a different one to form a compund
  1. They have different properties than the elements that made them
  2. Mg + O = MgO
3. Mixtures like air and sea water have not combined
  1. N.B. You must know the approx. % of air
    1. 78% Nitrogen
    2. 21% Oxygen
    3. 1% Argon
    4. 1% other gases like H and CO2
  2. Solute (salt) + Solvent (water) = Solution (salt water)
    1. Evaporate to get Solute
    2. Simple Distillation to recover solvent from solution
    3. Filtrate to remove insoluble solids
    4. Paper Chromatography to separate two or more coloures mixtures from a solution
    5. Fractional distillation to remove alcohol from beer or wine
N.B Vocabulary
1. Atom
  1. The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist
2. Molecule
  1. a group of different atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
3. Partilce
  1. One or more of the same atom bonded together
4. Malleable means its flexable
5. Ductile means it can be stretched out into a long sheet
Metal for basic oxides, Non-Metals form Acidic oxides
1. Metal + O = Metal Oxide
  1. Oxides are bases
2. Metal + Water = Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
  1. Reactivaity serie
3. Acid + Alkali = salt + water
  1. Acid + Insoluble base = salt + water
    1. Acid + metal = salt + Hydrogen
  2. Acid + Carbonate = CO2 + water + salt

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	Created by Alessandro Farace almost 11 years ago