Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons are made from hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
Most of the hydrocarbons in crude oil are alkanes
ALKANES
All alkanes have a name that ends in -ane and are saturated (all carbon atoms have four single bonds to four different atoms).
Alkenes are hydrocarbons that have a carbon-carbon double bond. This is two covalent bonds between between the same two carbons.
ALKENES
Hydrogen atoms in alkanes = no. of carbons x2 + 2
Hydrogen atoms in alkenes = no. of carbon atoms x2
Molecules with a double bond are called unsaturated.
When hydrocarbons burn in plenty of oxygen they produce carbon dioxide
When there is not enough oxygen they produce carbon monoxide (CO). This is called incomplete combustion.

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	Created by Georgia Mealings almost 11 years ago