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Schizo - Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis
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Biological (Depression & Schizophrenia) Mind Map on Schizo - Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis, created by n.c.wetmore on 26/04/2013.
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biological
depression & schizophrenia
biological
depression & schizophrenia
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n.c.wetmore
, updated more than 1 year ago
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n.c.wetmore
over 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Schizo - Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis
Prenatal and Neonatal Environment
risk of schizo is elevated in people problems could've affected brain devel - poor prenatal nutrition, premature birth etc
also elevated if mother exposed to extreme stress - sudden death during pregnancy
together influence is greater
schizo linked to head injuries as a child
don't know if head injuries led to schizo or schizo to head injuries
if mother is Rh neg and baby is Rh pos, babes rh pos blood factor may trigger immunological rejection by mother
response is weak with woman first Rh pos baby but stronger later pregnancies and more intense with boys than girls
season-of-birth effect
tendency for people born in winter to have slightly greater probability of developing schizo than other times of the year
complications of deliver or early nutrition
viral infection
influenza and other epidemics - common in autumn
impairs crucial stage of brain development in baby who will be born in winter
childhood infections
toxoplasma gondii
reproduces only in cats but infect humans
impairs brain development and leads to memory disorder, hallucinations and delusions
TORREY & YOLKEN
blood tests found antibodies to toxoplasma parasite in a higher percentage of those with schizo than normal population
Mild Brain Abnormalities
some people withs schizo show brain abnormalities of brain anatomy vary from one person to another
people with schizo have less tray matter and white matter and larger ventricles - fluid filled spaces within the brain
WOLKIN ET AL 1998
strongest deficits were in left temporal and frontal areas of cortex
areas with consistent signs of abnormality some that mature slowly like dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
abnormalities include weaker than av connections from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to other areas and less activity in this area during memory tasks
people with schizo show similar deficit of memory and attention to people with damage to temporal or prefrontal cortex
cell bodies are smaller than normal especially in hippo and prefrontal cortex
lateralization differs from normal pattern
most people left hemi is slightly larger than right, especially in planum temporal of the temporal lobe
those with schizo, right planim temporale is equal or larger
Early Development and Later Psychopathology
most people who develop schizo in adulthood had shown problems since childhood like memory deficits
prefrontal cortex, area shows consistent signs of deficit
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