635863
Description
Mind Map by Molly Munyard, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Molly Munyard
over 10 years ago
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Biology B25-26
- Cloning
- Tissue culture
- Makes new plants by
asexual reproduction
- Small groups of cells
- Put into a special liquid/jelly
- must be clean
- No bacteria/moulds
- No bacteria/moulds
- Must have chemicals to
promote the development of
the cells
- must be clean
- Put into a special liquid/jelly
- Makes new plants by
asexual reproduction
- Embryo transplants
- used to produce cattle with
desirable characteristics
- Eggs taken from prize
females and fertilised with one of
a selected Bull's sperm
- Each embryo develops into
an 8-cell embryo (in a
dish)
- Each 8-cell embryo is
split into 4 2-cell embryos
- They develop into 8-cells
- Each is put into the
womb/uterus of a
less-valuable cow
- The surrogate mothers allow the embryos
to develop inside them
- The calves are born and are genetically
identical to each other
- The calves are born and are genetically
identical to each other
- The surrogate mothers allow the embryos
to develop inside them
- Each is put into the
womb/uterus of a
less-valuable cow
- They develop into 8-cells
- Each 8-cell embryo is
split into 4 2-cell embryos
- Each embryo develops into
an 8-cell embryo (in a
dish)
- used to produce cattle with
desirable characteristics
- Adult cell cloning
- an unfertilised egg is taken from
a Scottish Blackface Ewe
- Its nucleus is destroyed
- A cell is taken from the
mammary gland of a Finn
Dorset Ewe
- Its nucleus is implanted
into the empty egg cell
- An electric shock is
given to the egg cell to
make it divide
- It develops into an embryo
- It is implanted into a host mothers uterus
- It is implanted into a host mothers uterus
- It develops into an embryo
- An electric shock is
given to the egg cell to
make it divide
- Its nucleus is implanted
into the empty egg cell
- A cell is taken from the
mammary gland of a Finn
Dorset Ewe
- Its nucleus is destroyed
- an unfertilised egg is taken from
a Scottish Blackface Ewe
- Tissue culture
- Genetic engineering
- Changing an organism's genes
- Selective breeding
- Enzymes
- Selective breeding
- Making Insulin
- Can be easily grown in large amounts
- Made by genetic engineering
- An enzyme is used to cut the insulin gene
out of the chromosome
- plasmids are then removed from
bacterial cells.
- The bacteria's plasmid is then cut
to allow the insulin gene to fit into
the space
- he insulin gene is
inserted into the
plasmid
- the plasmid is returned to the bacterium
- The reproduction of bacteria
and the plasmid makes insulin
- The reproduction of bacteria
and the plasmid makes insulin
- the plasmid is returned to the bacterium
- he insulin gene is
inserted into the
plasmid
- plasmids are then removed from
bacterial cells.
- Can be easily grown in large amounts
- embryos
- the human gene of protein is cut
out of the human chromosome
- several copies of the gene are obtained
- they are put into fertilised eggs
- The fertilised eggs develop in a
glass dish
- One cell is taken from each ball of cells
to find the ones of the desired sex (if
applicable)
- They are implanted into a host mothers womb and
are left to develop and be born
- They are implanted into a host mothers womb and
are left to develop and be born
- One cell is taken from each ball of cells
to find the ones of the desired sex (if
applicable)
- The fertilised eggs develop in a
glass dish
- they are put into fertilised eggs
- several copies of the gene are obtained
- Advantages
- Organism is not harmed
- Organism is kept in good conditions
- Organism is valuable and will
therefore not be killed for
food/meat
- A lot of protein can be made to
treat people who are ill
- Organism is not harmed
- the human gene of protein is cut
out of the human chromosome
- Changing an organism's genes
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