Atomic Structure

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Mind map of atomic structure AS C1 exam
tp2339
Mind Map by tp2339, updated more than 1 year ago
tp2339
Created by tp2339 over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Atomic Structure
  1. Atomic Models
    1. Dalton
      1. Early 19th century
        1. atoms solid spheres
          1. different atoms make different elements
        2. Thomson
          1. 1877
            1. plum pudding model
              1. solid sphere of +ve charge
                1. smaller -ve particles - electrons
                2. Rutherford
                  1. 1909
                    1. gold foil experiment
                      1. tiny, dense +ve nucleus
                        1. Bohr
                          1. fixed orbitals
                            1. electrons move between energy levels electromagnetic radiation emitted/absorbed
                                1. fixed frequency
                                2. fixed energy
                                3. Refined
                                  1. sub-shells
                                  2. Quantum
                                    1. probability
                                      1. don't know what direction or where electron is
                                    2. Mass Spectrometry
                                      1. Stages
                                        1. 1. Vaporisation
                                          1. 2. Ionisation
                                            1. 3. Acceleration
                                              1. 4. Deflection
                                                1. 5. Detection
                                                2. Electronic Structure
                                                  1. Exceptions
                                                    1. Cu
                                                      1. Cr
                                                      2. sub-shells pairs fill singly
                                                      3. Ionisation Energies
                                                        1. Second ionisation energies
                                                          1. greater than first IE
                                                            1. how much
                                                            2. electronic configuration
                                                            3. trends
                                                              1. down group 2
                                                                1. further away
                                                                  1. inner shell shielding
                                                                    1. decreases
                                                                    2. across period 3
                                                                      1. increases
                                                                        1. number protons increases
                                                                          1. nuclear attraction
                                                                          2. exceptions
                                                                            1. Mg
                                                                              1. shielding
                                                                                1. higher energy
                                                                                  1. periods 1&2
                                                                                  2. S
                                                                                    1. repulsion
                                                                                      1. periods 5&6
                                                                                2. factors
                                                                                  1. shielding
                                                                                    1. nuclear charge
                                                                                      1. distance from nucleus
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