6784008
Description
Mind Map by alya ghubash, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by alya ghubash
about 8 years ago
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Matter
- how is matter classified?
- structure
- element
- ions
- electrically charged
particles
- electrically charged
particles
- ions
- compound
- 2 or more atoms of ions bonded together
- molecules
- 2 or more elements joined chemically
- All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds
- All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds
- Water
- 2 or more elements joined chemically
- contain at least 2 different elements
- molecules
- 2 or more atoms of ions bonded together
- element
- states
- solid
- vibrate in its place
- vibrate in its place
- liquid
- molecules are farther apart
- molecules are farther apart
- gas
- molecules slide and move rapidly
- molecules slide and move rapidly
- how is heat transferred
- Endothermic: Heat is released(expand)
- Exothermic: Heat is absorbed(contracted)
- Reactions
- Reactants
- Products->
- Products->
- Catalysts: Speeds up reactions
- Enzymes: Living organizms
- Enzymes: Living organizms
- Initial energy: Amount of energy exerted on an object to start a reaction
- The ability to do work
- Energy
- Types of Energy
- Quality
- HIgh
- Can be used to perform useful work
- Electricity
- Electricity
- Can be used to perform useful work
- Low
- Can't be used to perform useful work
- Heat in the ocean
- Heat in the ocean
- Can't be used to perform useful work
- HIgh
- Motion
- Kinetic: Moving
- Potential: Energy due to relative position
- Kinetic: Moving
- Forms of energy
- Electricity
- Light
- Chemical
- Heat
- Electricity
- Quality
- Energy can't be created nor destroyed
- When converting energy into other forms, energy is lost
- This is called Entropy
- A type of energy which is usually lost is
- A type of energy which is usually lost is
- This is called Entropy
- When converting energy into other forms, energy is lost
- Types of Energy
- Energy
- The ability to do work
- Reactants
- Reactions
- Endothermic: Heat is released(expand)
- solid
- How it can be separated
- can be separated by physical; process
- no
- Single pure substance
- can be separated by a chemical process
- No
- Element
- Oxygen
- Oxygen
- Element
- Yes
- compound
- Acid or Base
- Acid
- Releases hydrogen ions in a solution
- Attracts hydroxide ion
- Attracts hydroxide ion
- 1-6.99 pH
- Turns litmus paper to red , either blue or red litmus paper
- Eg: Gastric acid , Lemon Juice
- Releases hydrogen ions in a solution
- Base
- Releases hydroxide ions in the solution
- Attracts hydrogen ion
- Attracts hydrogen ion
- 7.01-14pH
- Turns litmus paper to blue , either blue or red litmus paper
- Eg: Bleach ,Milk
- Releases hydroxide ions in the solution
- Tools to indicate substances
- Qualitative
- Universal Indicator(Chemical indicator)
- Litmus paper
- Blue
- Red
- Blue
- Universal Indicator(Chemical indicator)
- Quantitative
- pH scale
- pH scale
- Qualitative
- Acid
- Acid or Base
- compound
- No
- can be separated by a chemical process
- Single pure substance
- mixture of substances
- Air
- Air
- no
- can be separated by physical; process
- structure
- Biological (Organic)
- Non-biological (Inorganic)
- Scientific Methods
- A way of gaining information about the world by forming possible solutions to questions
- If the conditions exist- the results will happen
- Repeated events probably have the same causes
- Fundamental rules of nature are universal
- If the conditions exist- the results will happen
- How to construct
- 1) observation using the five senses
- 2) Ask questions
- 3) Constructing a hypothesis and test it
- A good hypothesis should be
- logical
- few assumptions
- account for all relevant information currently available
- allow prediction
- logical
- 4) If it's proven not true then it's rejected.
- A good hypothesis should be
- 3) Constructing a hypothesis and test it
- 2) Ask questions
- 1) observation using the five senses
- Reproductibility
- Must be repeated by independent investigators to ensure a lack of bias
- Communication is vital
- Provides assurance
- So it could be published in journals , articles , and books.
- So it could be published in journals , articles , and books.
- Provides assurance
- Must be repeated by independent investigators to ensure a lack of bias
- A way of gaining information about the world by forming possible solutions to questions
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