7193777
Description
Mind Map by Izzy Collinson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Beginnings of language development
- Stages of
development
- Children don't
all develop at
same pace
- Children all
around world DO
pass through same
sets of stages
- Universal pattern
of development,
regardless of lang
being acquired
- Universal pattern
of development,
regardless of lang
being acquired
- Children don't
all develop at
same pace
- Before
birth
- Evidence suggests
even in womb, growing
baby listens
(acclimatises) to
sounds of native lang
- Mehler
(1988)
- Fr new born
babies able to
distinguish Fr from
other langs
- Fr new born
babies able to
distinguish Fr from
other langs
- Evidence suggests
even in womb, growing
baby listens
(acclimatises) to
sounds of native lang
- Crying
- First few weeks -
child expresses
itself vocally
through crying
- Singles
hunger,
distress /
pleasure
- Singles
hunger,
distress /
pleasure
- Instinctive
noise (so not
lang)
- First few weeks -
child expresses
itself vocally
through crying
- Cooing
- A.K.A
gurgling
/ mewing
- 6 - 8
weeks
old
- 'Coo',
'gaga' &
'goo'
- Child develops
increasing
control over
vocal chords
- A.K.A
gurgling
/ mewing
- Babbling
- Most
important
stage in 1st
year
- 6 - 9
months
old
- Sounds begin
to resemble
adult sounds
more closely
- Bilabial
(lips) sounds
most
common
- Using lips
to make
sounds
- Using lips
to make
sounds
- When these
sounds
repeated =
reduplicated
monosyllable
- Sounds
have NO
MEANING
- Baby makes
far more
noise than
before
- Exercises &
experiments
w/ its
articulators
- Parts of body
that makes
them sounds
- Parts of body
that makes
them sounds
- Phonemic
expansion
- ab - cab,
tab, gab,
lab
- Repition
- Phoneme -
smallest
element of
sound in lang
- Can display
contrast & hence
change meaning
or function of
word
- Can display
contrast & hence
change meaning
or function of
word
- During
babbling, no of
diff phonemes
produced
expands
- ab - cab,
tab, gab,
lab
- Most
important
stage in 1st
year
- Phonemic
contraction
- 9 - 10
Months
- No of phonemes
produced reduces
to those found in
native land
(contracts)
- Baby
discards
sounds not
required
- Evidence
- Noises made by
children of diff
nationalities start
to sound diff
- Noises made by
children of diff
nationalities start
to sound diff
- Experiments
- Native adults
have successfully
identified babies
from own
countries
- Native adults
have successfully
identified babies
from own
countries
- 9 - 10
Months
- Intonation
- 9 - 10
months
- Intonation
patterns begin
to resemble
speech
- Common - rising
intonation at end
of utterance
- Other variations
in rhythm /
emphasis may
suggest greeting /
calling
- 9 - 10
months
- Gesture
- 9 - 10
months
- Although they don't
get have power of
speech, desire to
communicate indicated
through gesture
- Example
- Point object -
'What's that?'
face expression
- Point object -
'What's that?'
face expression
- Beginning of
prag
development
- Rec social
context affects
meaning
- Rec social
context affects
meaning
- 9 - 10
months
- Understanding
- Although child may
not begin to speak
they might
understand meaning
of certain words
- Word
recognition
- Usually
evident by end
of 1st year
- Usually
evident by end
of 1st year
- Common
- Names.
'no' & 'bye-
bye'
- Names.
'no' & 'bye-
bye'
- Although child may
not begin to speak
they might
understand meaning
of certain words
- The first
word
- Somewhere
around 12 months
child makes its
first recognisable
word
- Somewhere
around 12 months
child makes its
first recognisable
word
- Glossary
- Acclimatised
- Instinctive
- Cooing
- Babbling
- Bilabial
(lips
- Re-
duplicated
monosyllable
- Phonemic
Contraction
- Phonemic
Expansion
- Acclimatised
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