76893
Post War 1945-1947
- Impact of War
- Economy
- Can no long afford empire
- wartime
debts to be
paid
- reconstruction
cost
- Downward
trend in
revenue from
India
exacerbated
by war
- Can no long afford empire
- fear unrest
- Bombay mutinies 1946
- proliferation of
weapons after WWII
- Morale in army
very low -
everone wants to
just go home!
- nationalist
campaigns during
war
- INA
- Congress
- INA
- Bombay mutinies 1946
- fear of civil war
- 1940 Muslim
League demand
seperate state
- Muslim
League took
positions from
resigned
Congress
ministers -
increased
tensions
- 1940 Muslim
League demand
seperate state
- change of British attitude
- 1945
elections -
Atlee PM
- Churchill
voted out
- 1945
elections -
Atlee PM
- Economy
- Cabinet Mission
- Offers
- Britain hope to
make the first
offer a
compromise
both sides
could accept
- Rejected by
both ML and
Congress
- Rejected by
both ML and
Congress
- Britain hope to
make the first
offer a
compromise
both sides
could accept
- May Statement
- States first
option will be
used as basis
for
indpendence
despite no
agreement
- States first
option will be
used as basis
for
indpendence
despite no
agreement
- Key People
- Sir Stafford Cripps
- Pethick Lawrence
- Sir Stafford Cripps
- Offers
- Direct Action Day
- Caused
by
failure
of Cab
Miss
- National Hartal -
Peaceful mass
movement
- Jinnah
wants to
show
power of
ML
- Everywhere except Calcutta
the movement is peaceful
- Jinnah
wants to
show
power of
ML
- Calcutta Killings
- hartal quickly
descends into
violence
- Violence
spreads across
the North of
India - rioting
and disruption
continue until
independence
- Violence
spreads across
the North of
India - rioting
and disruption
continue until
independence
- Hindus,
Mulsims,
British all bear
some
responsibility
- Majority of
worst
violence
caused by
gang
warfare -
movement
hijacked by
criminal
underworld
- Seen (by
some) as
point of no
return for
united
India
- Damages
Jinnah's
reputation
- hartal quickly
descends into
violence
- Caused
by
failure
of Cab
Miss
- Mountbatten
- Close
relationship
with Nehru
- Simla Moment
- Simla Moment
- Very bad
relationship
with Jinnah
- Given job
largely due to
royal
connections
- Plan Balkan
- Menon Plan
- 2 state solution
- Possible after
Congress decided
to accept partition in March 1947
- 2 state solution
- Close
relationship
with Nehru
- Interim Govt
- Stepping stone
to independent
govt.
- Seen by Patrick
French as more
significant than
independence
- Splits when
partition is
decided upon
- Stepping stone
to independent
govt.
- Independence/partition
- 14/15th August 1947
- Huge amounts
of migration and
violence approx 1million dead
- 14/15th August 1947
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