8211908
Description
Mind Map by Mya Mccalmont, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mya Mccalmont
almost 8 years ago
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Chromosomes, Genes and DNA
- Key Facts
- The genetic material-
deoxyribonucelic acid- is contained
in the Chromosomes
- Chromosomes occur in
functional pairs except in
gametes
- Genes are short sections of
Chromosome that control
specific characterisitics
- Genes are therefore short lenghs of DNA
- The genetic material-
deoxyribonucelic acid- is contained
in the Chromosomes
- Structure of DNA
- Backbone
- Deoxyribose Sugar
- Bases
- Phosphate
- Nucleotide
- Deoxyribose Sugar
- Bases
- Pyrimidines
- Thymine
- Cytosine
- Thymine
- Purines
- Adenine
- Guanine
- Adenine
- Complementary base pairs
- Pyrimidines
- Double helix
structure
- Backbone
- Chromosomes
- Humans have 46 Chromosomes
- They are arranged into 23 pairs
- They are arranged into 23 pairs
- A chromosome is a tightly coiled length of DNA
- A GENE is a short length of
DNA that codes for a protien
or characteristic
- A GENE is a short length of
DNA that codes for a protien
or characteristic
- Humans have 46 Chromosomes
- Base
triplets
- Why have three?
- "CCA" "CCC" "CCG"
and "CCT" code for
the same amino
acid- this lowers the
chance of mutatos
- If the change in base results in a
different amino acid being formed then
it will form a different protein and may
not function
- Causes: Radiation e.g UV Light
- Causes: Radiation e.g UV Light
- If the change in base results in a
different amino acid being formed then
it will form a different protein and may
not function
- "CCA" "CCC" "CCG"
and "CCT" code for
the same amino
acid- this lowers the
chance of mutatos
- Why have three?
- Discovering DNA
- Watson and Crick
- Used modelling to
hypothesise the 3
dimensional structure of
DNA in the double helix
format
- Used modelling to
hypothesise the 3
dimensional structure of
DNA in the double helix
format
- Franklin and Wilkins
- Studied the 3
dimensional
structure of
DNA using
crystallograpgy
(X-rays)
- Studied the 3
dimensional
structure of
DNA using
crystallograpgy
(X-rays)
- Chargaff
- Discovered
that there
where equal
amounts of
guanine and
cytosine as
well as
adenine and
thymine
- Discovered
that there
where equal
amounts of
guanine and
cytosine as
well as
adenine and
thymine
- Watson and Crick
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