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95667
The heart
Description
Biology Mind Map on The heart, created by Jody Lelean-Smith on 17/05/2013.
No tags specified
biology
biology
Mind Map by
Jody Lelean-Smith
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Jody Lelean-Smith
over 11 years ago
66
1
0
Resource summary
The heart
Structure
Atrium
Thin-walled
Pumps short distance - ventricle
Elastic
Stretches as blood is collected
Ventricle
Thick-walled
Pumps to lungs/whole body
Aorta
Connected to LV
Carries oxygenated blood to body
Vena Cava
Connected to right atrium
Brings deoxy blood back from body
Pulmonary artery
Connected to right ventricle
Deoxy blood from lungs
Unusual for artery to carry deoxygenated
Pulmonary vein
Connected to left atrium
Brings oxygenated blood from lungs
Unusual for vein to carry oxygenated
Cardiac cycle
1) Electrical activity SAN -> across both atria -> atria contract
2) Collagen stops wave crossing to ventricles
3) Wave passes to AVN
4) Electrical impulse -> bundle of His
5) Wave -> down septum to base of ventricles, bundle branches into smaller fibres
6) wave released from fibres -> ventricles contract apex up.
Diastole
Blood returns to atria through pulmonary vein & vena cava
As atria fill, pressure ^ -> AV valves open
Walls of atria + Ventricles relaxed
Relaxation of ventricles reduces pressure - lower than aorta/pulmonary artery
SL valves close. "Dub"
Atrial systole
Atria contracts, forcing remaining blood into ventricles
thin walls as only to ventricles
Ventricles relaxed
Ventricular systole
Walls contract simultaneously once full
Increases pressure - shuts AV valves "lub"
SL open -> blood pushed into pulmonary artery & aorta
Thick walls as pump to lungs/body
Myogenic
Supplying heart with O2
Coronary arteries branch off aorta shortly after leaving heart
Blockage here leads to myocardial infarction
Valves
Atrioventricular
between atrium&ventricle
Prevent backflow when ventricles contract
Semi-lunar
In aorta&pulmonary artery
Prevent backflow when recoil in aorta/pulmonary artery causes pressure to exceed that in ventricles
Cardiac output
heart rate x stroke volume
Heart rate
Rate of heart beat
Stroke volume
Vol. blood pumped out at each beat
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