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Created by emilyboynton
almost 10 years ago
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Haemoglobin - protein = polymer and amino acids = monomers
Structure of amino acid: Carboxylic acid group Amino group
20 different amino acids - all different R group
2 amino acids = dipeptideHydrogen atom taken from amino group of one amino acid and an Oxygen & Hydrogen atom taken from carboxylic group of the other amino acid
H+OH removed = water moleculeCondensation reaction
Bond formed = peptideAmino acids join together = polypeptide
Primary Structure:Number and sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chainHaemoglobin = 4 polypeptide chains2 chains identical = alpha chains2 chains identical = beta chainsEach chain = 100+ amino acids
Secondary Structure:Chains so long - twist and coil = makes different shapesWeak hydrogen bonds form between polypeptide bonds in different parts of chainPolypeptide chains fold into shapes:Alpha helixBeta pleated-sheet
Tertiary Structure: (overall shape)Polypeptide chains can fold again = complex 3D shapeHeld in place by bonds - form between R groups in amino acidsDifferent kinds of bonds hold together:Weak hydrogen bondsStronger Disulfide bondsCysteine - amino acid with sulfur in R group2 cysteine molecules join together = disulfide bond between 2 sulfur atomsI
Quaternary Structure:Proteins with more than one polypeptide chain = quaternary structureThe way polypeptide chains fit together
4 bond types in tertiary structure: Hydrogen Hydrophobic interactions Ionic Disulfide
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