English SOL Study Guide

Setting: The time and place of the story. {September 2013, Yorktown VA.}

Characterization: Character says, does, thinks, and reacts to other characters.

External Conflict: Individual vs. Individual Individual vs. Supernatural Individual vs. Technology Individual vs. Society Individual vs. Nature

Conflict: Internal and External.

Imagery: Words that help the reader picture what they are reading with their five senses.

Simile: A comparison of two unlike objects using like or as.

Story Elements

Internal Conflict: Individual vs. self

Figurative Language

Alliteration: Repetition of the initial consonant, there should be at least two repeats in a row.

Metaphor: States that one thing is something else. A direct comparison.

Hyperbole: An extreme exaggeration for effect.

Onomatopoeia: The imitation of natural sounds into words, BAM!

Literary Devices:

Idioms: A strange phrase with a hidden meaning.

Foreshadowing: Clues the author gives for the events which will happen in the story.

Irony: When what happens is the exact opposite of what you'd expect to happen.

Comparison and Contrast: Tells how people, and events and concepts are similar and different. {Similarly, On the Other Hand, However, In spite of}

Cause and Effect: Tells how facts, events, people, and concepts happen or exist because of other facts. {As a result of, Consequently, So That, Because of, Since}

Organizational Text Patterns:

Sequential/Chronological:It tells the order of facts. events. or concepts. {Today,Meanwhile, Next, First, Now, Not Long Ago, Finally)

Enumeration/Listing: Tells a listing of facts and events in no special order. {Also, Another, Several, First}

Generalization: A statement about a whole group. Could be *broad and not based on fact*. {Always, In Fact, (sometimes everyone too)}

Concept/Definition: Tells the explanation or description of a concept/topic by using synonyms and signal words. {Refers to, Thus, In Other Words, Described As, Equals}

Process: Tells the procedure or method of how something in done/created. {Begins with, In order to (remember a cook book)}

Side Notes: Mood = Reader's emotions towards author's words. Tone= Tells us about the author's attitude towards the story.