Phospholipid bi-layer with cholesterol and proteins
Ce
Cell Membrane
Hydrophobic tailHydrophilic head
*controls what goes in/out*maintains homeostasis
Membrane Proteins
Transportation
Enzymatic Activity
Signal Transduction
Cell-Cell Recognition
Intercellular Joining
Attach to Cytoskeleton & ECM
Protein pumps> active transport
Ex) aquaporins: water goes through (selective permeability)
May be an enzyme with an active site
Hook together in cell junctions, long-lasting binding
Identification tags
Signal goes off if something is wrong
glycoproteins/glycolipids
Keeps things in tact
Signal to receptor Chemical messenger (hormone)
TYPES OF PROTEINS
Integral Proteins
Inside of membrane; made of nonpolar amino acids in alpha helixes
Channel Proteins
Peripheral Proteins
loosely bounded to surface exposed to integral proteins
SYNTHESIS OF MEMBRANES
-Membrane proteins and lipids made in ER -In golgi, glycolipids/proteins get carbohydrate modification -glycolipids/proteins transported to plasma membrane -exocytosis; puts glyc./prot. outside of membrane
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
diffusion- molecules moves through membrane (through available space)
MORE -------> LESS concentrated
OSMOSIS
Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Tonicity- a solution's ability to lose/gain water
water potential= solute potential + pressure potential
Facilitated Diffusion
Moving a substance against (up) concentration gradient
Entropy
Endocytosis- bulk movement of stuff into the cell
Na+ and K+ pump
Wa
Water Potential
Hypertonic:-high water potential outside of cell-high concentration outside of cell
Isotonic:- = concentration in/out-water still moves in/out of cell
CELL SIGNALING
1) paracrine signaling (local) synaptic signaling (local) 2) endocrine signaling (long distance)
Reception
Transduction
Response
How
How do we terminate the response?
Membrane Transport
Cell Signaling
Membrane Proteins
Passive/ Active Transport
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