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Note by Shane Buckley, created more than 1 year ago

Junior cert level notes on the Circulatory System.

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	Created by Shane Buckley almost 10 years ago

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The Circulatory System

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The Circulatory System
Blood Red blood cells

Haemoglobin - red, carries oxygen
Disc shaped, thinner at the centre
No Nucleus

White blood cells

Contain a nucleus
No definitive shape
Protect against disease

Platelets

Tiny fragments of cells
No nucleus
Cause blood to clot

Functions of blood

Transport
Defence against disease

Blood Vessels Artery

Carry blood from the heart
Narrow lumen
Thick walls
High Pressure (Fast movement of blood)
No valves

Vein

Carry blood back to the heart
Wider lumen
Thinner walls
Low Pressure (Slow movement of blood)
Valves to stop back-flow of blood

Capillary

Tiny blood vessels
Walls one cell thick
Substances pass into blood through capillaries

The Heart

Blood enters through the Vena cava to the Right atrium
Is pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
Returns from the lungs in the Pulmonary vein
Is pumped around the body through the aorta
Valves prevent blood from flowing backwards
Normal heartbeat rate is 70bpm
Increases during exercise as the body needs more energy.

Normal body temperature is 37° Celsius