Medical History. People of Relevance

Questão	Responda
Hippocrates	Ancient Greek physician Came up with the theory of the Four Humours Observed all the symptoms of his patients and recorded them
Galen	Ancient Rome Physician Developed Theory of the Four Humours to include Theory of Opposites Followed in Medieval
Thomas Syndenham	Didn't rely on medical books when diagnosing but observed symptoms and then treated disease Didn't think nature of person affected illness Laid foundation for more scientific diagnosis
Royal Society	Founded in 1660, and given Royal Charter by King Charles II Platform to share work/theories, which madde it possoble to study other people's research
Andreas Vesalius	Carried out disections on human bodies so found Galen's mistakes. (On the Fabric of the Human Body) Encouraged Doctors not to rely on old books but to carry out their own disections. Laid Foundation for studying anatomy
William Harvey	Proved artery and viens are connected in one system, and how the circulation works Encouraged experiments on real bodies
Louis Pasteur	came up with Germ Theory Correct method of how disease was spread but had limited impact when he was alive
John Tyndall	Discovered that there were small organic particles in the air and linked the germ theory to the infection of wounds He was not believed
Robert Koch	Different germs cause many common diseases Created method to identify disease-causing microbes (still used) Father of bacteriology
Florence Nightingale	Made Nursing into a respectable job with high levels of training Changed the way hospital were designed so they could be cleaned easily and so disease couldn't spread (pavillion style)
James Simpson	Discovered that chloroform was a good anethstetic so dealt with the problem of pain
Joseph Lister	Microbes in air cause wine to go bad, microbes could cause flesh to rot Discovered carbolic acid which led to antiseptic then aseptic surgery
Edward Jenner	Created the first vaccination which was a breakthrough in prevention. Dealt with the problem of small pox
Government and smallpox	Goverment funded and set up society to promote vaccination. Later made vaccination compulsory
Public Health Act 1875	Before this they were laissez-faire attitude Meant to clean up cities but wasn't compulsory so didn't do much
Public Health Act 1875	It was compulsory, city authorities had to follow it so had bigger impact Better city conditions led to prevention of disease. No more cholera (last in 1867)
John Snow	Discovered that cholera was transmitted by water infected by cholera-infected feaces. Led to new sewer system in London
James Watson Francis Crick	Discovered that DNA was in a doubke Helix Understanding shape meant we could look at structure & discover cause of heriditary disease
Human Genome Project	Launched in 1990. Scientists all across the world decoded and mapped the human genome. Could now see cause of H diseases
Alexander Fleming	Discovered the first antibiotic (penicillin). Breakthrough in how we treat disease. Threatened now by AB resistant bacteria
NHS 1948	universal healthcare for all Free at the point of service but paid for in taxes Increased access to medical help
Florey & Chain	Discovered penicillin could fight infection (Fleming only discovered it). Brought in to America and had it mass-produced
James Blundell	Did first experiments with human blood transfusions in WW1. Discovered method to give blood to soldiers in battle
FANY	First Female volunteers Britain wouldn't let them help so they helped Belgiums until Britain accepted them Drove ambulances ect.
RAMC	Royal Army Medical Corps Branch of Army dedicated to medical care
Thomas Splint	A splint that stopped the limb from moving which stopped patient dying from shock when being moved to hospital. Created before the war but Jones introduced it to medics in 1916
Harold Gillies	Plastic surgeon that devised ways to replace and restore parts of the face that had been destroyed
Harvey Cushing	New techniques for Brain Surgeory on Western Front. Had 71% success rate compared to normal 50%.

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	Criado por Niamh Connole mais de 6 anos atrás